Italy

Population on 1 January 58,943,464 people 2025 · Eurostat Population by age and sex 58,943,464 people 2025 · Eurostat Crude birth rate 6.0p (Provisional) per 1,000 people 2025 · Eurostat Crude death rate 11.1p (Provisional) per 1,000 people 2025 · Eurostat Total fertility rate 1.18 births per woman 2024 · Eurostat Population aged 65 and over 24.7% 2025 · Eurostat Median age of the population 49.1 years 2025 · Eurostat Old-age dependency ratio 39.0 per 100 working-age people 2025 · Eurostat Natural population change -5.0p (Provisional) per 1,000 people 2025 · Eurostat Population estimates and projections 59,499,453 people 2023 · UN Population Division Median age estimates and projections 47.5 years 2023 · UN Population Division Fertility rate estimates and projections 1.20 births per woman 2023 · UN Population Division Population growth estimates and projections -0.22% 2023 · UN Population Division Population 58,915,656 people 2025 · World Bank Population growth -0.06% 2025 · World Bank Population aged 65 and over 25.1% 2025 · World Bank Population aged 0 to 14 11.7% 2025 · World Bank Fertility rate 1.18 births per woman 2024 · World Bank Crude birth rate 6.3 per 1,000 people 2024 · World Bank Crude death rate 11.0 per 1,000 people 2024 · World Bank Urban population share 69.7% 2025 · World Bank Adolescent birth rate 2.9 per 1,000 women aged 15 to 19 2024 · World Bank Age dependency ratio 58.1 per 100 working-age people 2025 · World Bank Population density 199.4 people per km² 2024 · World Bank Urban population growth 0.05% 2025 · World Bank

Immigration 451,583 immigrants 2024 · Eurostat Emigration 188,903 emigrants 2024 · Eurostat Acquisitions of citizenship 217,448 people 2024 · Eurostat First-time asylum applicants 128,655 applicants 2025 · Eurostat Net migration rate 5.0p (Provisional) per 1,000 people 2025 · Eurostat Net migration estimates and projections 2.5 per 1,000 people 2023 · UN Population Division Net migration 75,448 people 2025 · World Bank International migrant stock 11.0% 2024 · World Bank Personal remittances received 0.5% 2025 · World Bank

Unemployment rate, ages 15 to 74 6.1% 2025 · Eurostat Youth unemployment rate, ages 15 to 24 20.6% 2025 · Eurostat Long-term unemployment rate 3.1% 2025 · Eurostat Employment rate, ages 20 to 64 67.6% 2025 · Eurostat Employment rate of women, ages 20 to 64 58.0% 2025 · Eurostat Monthly unemployment rate (seasonally adjusted) 6.3% September 2026 · Eurostat Usual weekly working hours 37.2 hours per week 2025 · Eurostat Part-time employment 15.5% 2025 · Eurostat Monthly youth unemployment 19.9% September 2026 · Eurostat Employment of older workers 61.2% 2025 · Eurostat ILO estimate of the unemployment rate 6.4% 2025 · ILOSTAT ILO estimate of youth unemployment 20.5% 2025 · ILOSTAT Labour force participation 49.3% 2025 · ILOSTAT Women's labour force participation 40.8% 2025 · ILOSTAT Employment-to-population ratio 46.2% 2025 · ILOSTAT OECD monthly unemployment rate 6.3% September 2026 · OECD Employment in agriculture 3.3% 2025 · World Bank Employment in industry 26.4% 2025 · World Bank Employment in services 70.2% 2025 · World Bank

Median equivalised net income €22,062 per year 2025 · Eurostat Unadjusted gender pay gap 5.3%p (Provisional) 2024 · Eurostat Hourly labour cost €32.0 per hour 2025 · Eurostat Net annual earnings €27,788 per year 2025 · Eurostat

GDP per capita in euro €38,430p (Provisional) per person 2025 · Eurostat GDP per capita in PPS 98 (EU = 100) 2024 · Eurostat Real GDP growth 0.6% 2025 · Eurostat GDP in euro 2,265,003 million € 2025 · Eurostat Quarterly GDP growth (seasonally adjusted) 0.0% Q3 2026 · Eurostat Labour productivity growth -0.5% 2025 · Eurostat GDP growth, year on year 0.8% Q3 2026 · Eurostat GDP in US dollars US$2.55 trillion 2025 · World Bank GDP per capita in US dollars US$43,309 per person 2025 · World Bank GDP per capita, PPP Int$53,606 per person 2025 · World Bank GNI per capita, Atlas method US$42,080 per person 2025 · World Bank Real GDP growth 0.5% 2025 · World Bank Services share of GDP 64.5% 2025 · World Bank Investment share of GDP 22.2% 2025 · World Bank Savings share of GDP 23.4% 2025 · World Bank Household consumption per person US$19,965 per person 2025 · World Bank

HICP inflation 1.6% 2025 · Eurostat HICP price index 124.30 (2015 = 100) 2025 · Eurostat Monthly HICP inflation 5.6%e (Estimated) October 2026 · Eurostat Consumer price level index 98 (EU = 100) 2024 · Eurostat Food price inflation (HICP) 3.0% 2025 · Eurostat Energy price inflation (HICP) -2.3% 2025 · Eurostat OECD monthly CPI inflation 4.2% September 2026 · OECD Consumer price inflation 1.5% 2025 · World Bank Consumer price index 131.9 (2010 = 100) 2025 · World Bank Inflation measured by the GDP deflator 2.0% 2025 · World Bank Exchange rate to the US dollar 0.885 per US$ 2025 · World Bank

House price change 4.0% 2025 · Eurostat Housing cost overburden rate 5.0% 2025 · Eurostat Overcrowding rate 24.3% 2025 · Eurostat Home ownership rate 77.1% 2025 · Eurostat Inability to keep home adequately warm 8.6% 2025 · Eurostat Average household size 2.2 people per household 2025 · Eurostat House prices, quarterly 4.0%p (Provisional) Q2 2026 · Eurostat Arrears on utility bills 5.9% 2025 · Eurostat Mortgage interest rate 3.60% September 2026 · ECB Slum population 0.0% 2022 · World Bank

NEET rate, ages 15 to 29 13.3% 2025 · Eurostat Tertiary education attainment, ages 25 to 34 31.1% 2025 · Eurostat Early leavers from education and training 8.2% 2025 · Eurostat Adult participation in learning 10.8% 2025 · Eurostat ILO estimate of the youth NEET rate 12.1% 2025 · ILOSTAT Primary completion (UIS) 99.7% 2021 · UNESCO UIS Lower secondary completion 99.4% 2021 · UNESCO UIS Upper secondary completion 84.6% 2021 · UNESCO UIS Out-of-school children 2.1%nat_est (National estimate) 2023 · UNESCO UIS Out-of-school adolescents 1.9%nat_est (National estimate) 2023 · UNESCO UIS Out-of-school youth 5.6%nat_est (National estimate) 2023 · UNESCO UIS Primary net enrolment 97.9%nat_est (National estimate) 2023 · UNESCO UIS Youth literacy 99.9%uis_est (UIS estimate) 2019 · UNESCO UIS Education share of public spending 7.4% 2022 · UNESCO UIS Education spending 4.1% 2022 · World Bank Primary school enrolment (gross) 103.6% 2023 · World Bank Tertiary education enrolment (gross) 75.9% 2023 · World Bank Adult literacy rate 99.3% 2019 · World Bank Primary school completion rate 97.4% 2023 · World Bank Secondary school enrolment (gross) 100.7% 2023 · World Bank

Life expectancy at birth 83.7 years 2024 · Eurostat Infant mortality rate 2.5 per 1,000 live births 2024 · Eurostat Hospital beds 312 per 100,000 people 2024 · Eurostat Practising physicians 575 per 100,000 people 2024 · Eurostat People reporting good or very good health 73.6% 2025 · Eurostat Health spending share of GDP 8.4%p (Provisional) 2025 · Eurostat Practising nurses 692 per 100,000 people 2024 · Eurostat Healthy life years at birth 73.4b (Break in time series) years 2024 · Eurostat Life expectancy at age 65 21.4 years 2024 · Eurostat Adults with obesity 11.4% 2019 · Eurostat Daily smokers 17.3% 2019 · Eurostat Life expectancy estimates and projections 83.7 years 2023 · UN Population Division Life expectancy at 65, estimates and projections 21.3 years 2023 · UN Population Division Healthy life expectancy 71.2 years 2023 · WHO UHC service coverage 82 2023 · WHO Alcohol consumption 7.77 litres 2024 · WHO Adult obesity 14.0% 2024 · WHO Hypertension 33.8% 2019 · WHO Suicide rate 5.7 per 100,000 people 2023 · WHO Premature NCD mortality 8.4% 2023 · WHO Physical inactivity 45.2% 2022 · WHO DTP3 immunisation 95% 2025 · WHO Anaemia in women 16.4% 2023 · WHO Poisoning deaths 0.3 per 100,000 people 2023 · WHO Nurses and midwives 71.0 per 10,000 people 2023 · WHO Dentists 8.16 per 10,000 people 2023 · WHO Life expectancy at birth 84.0 years 2024 · World Bank Life expectancy at birth, women 86.0 years 2024 · World Bank Life expectancy at birth, men 82.0 years 2024 · World Bank Health spending share of GDP 8.4% 2024 · World Bank Under-five mortality rate 2.7 per 1,000 live births 2024 · World Bank Infant mortality rate 2.3 per 1,000 live births 2024 · World Bank Maternal mortality ratio 6 per 100,000 live births 2023 · World Bank Physicians 4.19 per 1,000 people 2022 · World Bank Hospital beds 3.1 per 1,000 people 2022 · World Bank Measles immunisation 95% 2024 · World Bank Tobacco use 22.4% 2024 · World Bank Out-of-pocket health spending 22.3% 2024 · World Bank Health spending per person US$3,398 per person 2024 · World Bank Diabetes prevalence 7.7% 2024 · World Bank Neonatal mortality rate 1.8 per 1,000 live births 2024 · World Bank Tuberculosis incidence 5 per 100,000 people 2024 · World Bank HIV incidence 0.15 per 1,000 people aged 15 to 49 2024 · World Bank

Households with internet access 94.1% 2025 · Eurostat Internet use in the last three months 90.3% 2025 · Eurostat Daily internet use 88.5% 2025 · Eurostat Basic digital skills 54.3% 2025 · Eurostat Online shopping 56.2% 2025 · Eurostat ICT specialists in employment 3.8%e (Estimated) 2025 · Eurostat Internet users 89.2% 2024 · World Bank Mobile subscriptions 133 per 100 people 2024 · World Bank Fixed broadband subscriptions 31.8 per 100 people 2024 · World Bank

Industrial production 94.1 (2021 = 100) 2025 · Eurostat Enterprise birth rate 7.9% 2024 · Eurostat Monthly industrial production -0.1% September 2026 · Eurostat Business loan interest rate 3.78% September 2026 · ECB Industry share of GDP 22.6% 2025 · World Bank New businesses registered 115,689 companies 2024 · World Bank Medium and high-tech manufacturing 41.8% 2024 · World Bank Manufacturing share of GDP 15.0% 2025 · World Bank

Exports share of GDP 31.6% 2025 · Eurostat Imports share of GDP 30.2% 2025 · Eurostat Current account balance, quarterly -0.1% Q2 2026 · Eurostat Exports share of GDP 32.2% 2025 · World Bank Imports share of GDP 30.3% 2025 · World Bank Trade as a share of GDP 62.5% 2025 · World Bank Foreign direct investment inflows 0.0% 2025 · World Bank Current account balance 1.1% 2025 · World Bank High-technology exports 11.9% 2024 · World Bank

Nights spent in tourist accommodation 535,463,245 nights 2025 · Eurostat Arrivals at tourist accommodation 160,765,334 arrivals 2025 · Eurostat Bed-place occupancy rate in hotels 53.3% 2025 · Eurostat

Car share of passenger transport 83.3% 2024 · Eurostat Car ownership 709p (Provisional) per 1,000 people 2025 · Eurostat Road traffic deaths 5.1 per 100,000 people 2024 · Eurostat Rail passenger transport 55,566 million passenger-km 2025 · Eurostat Road share of inland freight transport 88.4% 2024 · Eurostat New zero-emission cars 6.1% 2025 · Eurostat Road traffic deaths 5.3 per 100,000 people 2019 · World Bank Air passengers carried 20,264,734 passengers 2023 · World Bank

Renewable energy share 20.5%p (Provisional) 2025 · Eurostat Renewable electricity share 43.5%p (Provisional) 2025 · Eurostat Energy import dependency 73.9% 2024 · Eurostat Electricity price for households €0.3142 per kWh H1 2026 · Eurostat Natural gas price for households €0.1137 per kWh H1 2026 · Eurostat Primary energy consumption 130.8 Mtoe 2024 · Eurostat Access to electricity 100.0% 2024 · World Bank Clean cooking access 99.0% 2024 · World Bank Renewable energy share 17.5% 2021 · World Bank Fossil electricity share 50.1% 2025 · World Bank Net energy imports 79.2% 2024 · World Bank

Greenhouse gas emissions per person 6.2 t CO2e per person 2024 · Eurostat Total greenhouse gas emissions 363.5 Mt CO2e 2024 · Eurostat Temperature change 2.18e (Estimate) °C 2025 · FAOSTAT Agrifood emissions per person 1.50e (Estimate) t CO2e per person 2024 · FAOSTAT Total greenhouse gas emissions 371.2 Mt CO2e 2024 · World Bank Greenhouse gas emissions per person 6.3 t CO2e per person 2024 · World Bank CO2 emissions per person 5.08 t CO2 per person 2024 · World Bank Methane emissions 44.9 Mt CO2e 2024 · World Bank Nitrous oxide emissions 12.93 Mt CO2e 2024 · World Bank

PM2.5 air pollution 13.3 µg/m³ 2023 · WHO Forest area 31.8% 2024 · World Bank Protected areas 14.8% 2025 · World Bank PM2.5 air pollution exposure 14.3 µg/m³ 2023 · World Bank Terrestrial protected areas 21.5% 2025 · World Bank

Municipal waste generated per person 500 kg per person 2024 · Eurostat Recycling rate of municipal waste 52.3% 2024 · Eurostat Total waste generated per person 3,408 kg per person 2024 · Eurostat Basic drinking water access 99.9% 2024 · World Bank Safely managed drinking water 96.8% 2024 · World Bank Basic sanitation access 99.9% 2024 · World Bank Level of water stress 29.8% 2022 · World Bank Renewable internal freshwater per person 3,093 m³ per person 2022 · World Bank Safely managed sanitation 78.2% 2024 · World Bank

Area under organic farming 19.5% 2024 · Eurostat Cost of a healthy diet Int$4.55e (Estimate) per person per day 2025 · FAOSTAT Healthy diet unaffordable 8.4%e (Estimate) 2025 · FAOSTAT Pesticide use 4.29e (Estimate) kg/ha 2024 · FAOSTAT Nitrogen fertiliser use 57.9e (Estimate) kg/ha 2024 · FAOSTAT Agriculture share of GDP 2.1% 2025 · World Bank Cereal yield 4,982 kg per hectare 2024 · World Bank Agricultural land 43.6% 2024 · World Bank Capture fisheries production 134,076 tonnes 2024 · World Bank Prevalence of undernourishment 2.5% 2024 · World Bank Food production index 96.5 (2014-16 = 100) 2024 · World Bank Fertiliser use 112.1 kg per hectare 2024 · World Bank Land area 295,720 km² 2024 · World Bank

At-risk-of-poverty rate 18.6% 2025 · Eurostat Poverty or social exclusion rate 22.6% 2025 · Eurostat Income inequality (Gini) 31.0 (0 to 100) 2025 · Eurostat Income quintile share ratio (S80/S20) 5.13 times 2025 · Eurostat Severe material and social deprivation 5.2% 2025 · Eurostat Gini index 34.3 (0 to 100) 2023 · World Bank Income share held by the richest 10% 25.8% 2023 · World Bank Extreme poverty rate 0.9% 2023 · World Bank Poverty rate at national poverty lines 20.1% 2021 · World Bank Poverty rate at $4.20 a day (2021 PPP) 1.0% 2023 · World Bank Poverty rate at $8.30 a day (2021 PPP) 1.9% 2023 · World Bank

Government debt 136.7% 2025 · Eurostat Government deficit or surplus -3.1% 2025 · Eurostat Government spending 51.1% 2025 · Eurostat Tax-to-GDP ratio 43.0% 2025 · Eurostat Government spending on health 6.6% 2024 · Eurostat Government spending on education 4.0% 2024 · Eurostat Government spending on social protection 21.3% 2024 · Eurostat Government spending on defence 1.3% 2024 · Eurostat Government debt, quarterly 139.9%p (Provisional) Q2 2026 · Eurostat Tax revenue 25.6% 2024 · World Bank Central government expense 47.3% 2023 · World Bank

R&D spending share of GDP 1.37%p (Provisional) 2025 · Eurostat Researchers as a share of the labour force 0.72% 2024 · Eurostat European patent applications 80.9p (Provisional) per million people 2025 · Eurostat R&D spending share of GDP 1.38% 2023 · World Bank Researchers per million people 2,855 per million people 2023 · World Bank Scientific and technical journal articles 82,771 articles 2023 · World Bank

Intentional homicides 0.57 per 100,000 people 2024 · Eurostat Crime or vandalism in the area 6.4% 2023 · Eurostat Robberies recorded by the police 49.8 per 100,000 people 2024 · Eurostat Thefts recorded by the police 1,552 per 100,000 people 2024 · Eurostat Intentional homicides 0.6 per 100,000 people 2023 · World Bank

Cultural employment 3.9% 2025 · Eurostat Average life satisfaction 7.1 out of 10 2025 · Eurostat Women in national parliament 32.8% 2025 · World Bank