R&D spending by region, 2023
Gross domestic expenditure on research and development by all sectors (business, government, higher education and private non-profit) in the region, as a share of the region's GDP.
260 places ranked for 2023. Highest: Prov. Brabant wallon (8.68%). Lowest: Sud-Est (0.12%). The median is 1.23%.
Highest 10
- 1. Prov. Brabant wallon 8.68%
- 2. Stuttgart 7.33%
- 3. Braunschweig 5.91%
- 4. Karlsruhe 5.88%
- 5. Västsverige 5.63%
- 6. Steiermark 5.32%
- 7. Rheinhessen-Pfalz 5.28%
- 8. Oberbayern 5.22%
- 9. Prov. Vlaams-Brabant 5.17%
- 10. Hovedstaden 4.61%
Lowest 10
- 260. Sud-Est 0.12%
- 259. Sud-Vest Oltenia 0.17%
- 258. Region Sumadije i Zapadne Srbije 0.19%
- 257. Ciudad de Ceuta 0.23%
- 256. Notio Aigaio 0.24%
- 255. Region Juzne i Istocne Srbije 0.25%
- 254. Nord-Est 0.25%
- 253. Severozapaden 0.26%
- 252. Mardin, Batman, Şırnak, Siirt 0.26%
- 251. Yugoiztochen 0.27%
The chart loads when you scroll to it.
The chart shows the 40 highest values; the table lists all 260. Source: Eurostat.
In short
- Among the 260 regions with a value for 2023, the highest is Prov. Brabant wallon (8.68%) and the lowest Sud-Est (0.12%).
- Half of the regions are above 1.23% and half below.
- From 2022 to 2023 the value rose in 7 regions and fell in 4.
- The figure for the European Union was 2.25% in 2023, against 2.17% in 2018 (+0.08 percentage points).
Full ranking
| # | Region | Value | Period | Relative size |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Prov. Brabant wallon | 8.68% | 2023 | |
| 2 | Stuttgart | 7.33% | 2023 | |
| 3 | Braunschweig | 5.91% | 2023 | |
| 4 | Karlsruhe | 5.88% | 2023 | |
| 5 | Västsverige | 5.63% | 2023 | |
| 6 | Steiermark | 5.32% | 2023 | |
| 7 | Rheinhessen-Pfalz | 5.28% | 2023 | |
| 8 | Oberbayern | 5.22% | 2023 | |
| 9 | Prov. Vlaams-Brabant | 5.17% | 2023 | |
| 10 | Hovedstaden | 4.61% | 2023 | |
| 11 | Östra Mellansverige | 4.37% | 2023 | |
| 12 | Midi-Pyrénées | 4.08% | 2023 | |
| 13 | Prov. Antwerpen | 4.08% | 2023 | |
| 14 | Köln | 4.05% | 2023 | |
| 15 | Ankara | 4.03% | 2023 | |
| 16 | Wien | 3.91% | 2023 | |
| 17 | Tübingen | 3.89% | 2023 | |
| 18 | Helsinki-Uusimaa | 3.88% | 2023 | |
| 19 | Sydsverige | 3.66% | 2023 | |
| 20 | Oberösterreich | 3.54% | 2023 | |
| 21 | Stockholm | 3.53% | 2023 | |
| 22 | Prov. Oost-Vlaanderen | 3.40% | 2023 | |
| 23 | Darmstadt | 3.36% | 2023 | |
| 24 | Hannover | 3.23% | 2023 | |
| 25 | Kärnten | 3.19% | 2023 | |
| 26 | Trier | 3.19% | 2023 | |
| 27 | Berlin | 3.04% | 2023 | |
| 28 | Rhône-Alpes | 3.02% | 2023 | |
| 29 | Länsi-Suomi | 2.96% | 2023 | |
| 30 | Tirol | 2.91% | 2023 | |
| 31 | Ile de France | 2.90% | 2023 | |
| 32 | Oberfranken | 2.82% | 2023 | |
| 33 | Bremen | 2.80% | 2023 | |
| 34 | Warszawski stołeczny | 2.79% | 2023 | |
| 35 | Pohjois- ja Itä-Suomi | 2.78% | 2023 | |
| 36 | Franche-Comté | 2.74% | 2023 | |
| 37 | Małopolskie | 2.73% | 2023 | |
| 38 | Praha | 2.63% | 2023 | |
| 39 | Zahodna Slovenija | 2.63% | 2023 | |
| 40 | Hamburg | 2.62% | 2023 | |
| 41 | Ísland | 2.62% | 2023 | |
| 42 | Gießen | 2.58% | 2023 | |
| 43 | Thüringen | 2.58% | 2023 | |
| 44 | Prov. Liège | 2.52% | 2023 | |
| 45 | Mittelfranken | 2.50% | 2023 | |
| 46 | Dresden | 2.47% | 2023 | |
| 47 | Freiburg | 2.46% | 2023 | |
| 48 | Région de Bruxelles-Capitale/Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest | 2.45% | 2023 | |
| 49 | País Vasco | 2.38% | 2023 | |
| 50 | Midtjylland | 2.36% | 2023 | |
| 51 | Pomorskie | 2.32% | 2023 | |
| 52 | Övre Norrland | 2.30% | 2023 | |
| 53 | Kocaeli, Sakarya, Düzce, Bolu, Yalova | 2.29% | 2023 | |
| 54 | Languedoc-Roussillon | 2.29% | 2023 | |
| 55 | Budapest | 2.25% | 2023 | |
| 56 | Grad Zagreb | 2.17% | 2023 | |
| 57 | Jihovýchod | 2.17% | 2023 | |
| 58 | Eastern and Midland | 2.14% | 2023 | |
| 59 | Leipzig | 2.13% | 2023 | |
| 60 | Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur | 2.10% | 2023 | |
| 61 | Chemnitz | 2.09% | 2023 | |
| 62 | Emilia-Romagna | 2.09% | 2023 | |
| 63 | Piemonte | 2.09% | 2023 | |
| 64 | Grande Lisboa | 2.08% | 2023 | |
| 65 | Comunidad de Madrid | 2.04% | 2023 | |
| 66 | Auvergne | 2.03% | 2023 | |
| 67 | Střední Čechy | 2.01% | 2023 | |
| 68 | Syddanmark | 2.01% | 2023 | |
| 69 | Unterfranken | 1.99% | 2023 | |
| 70 | Centro | 1.96% | 2023 | |
| 71 | Norte | 1.96% | 2023 | |
| 72 | Sjeverna Hrvatska | 1.93% | 2023 | |
| 73 | Vorarlberg | 1.93% | 2023 | |
| 74 | Etelä-Suomi | 1.91% | 2023 | |
| 75 | Prov. Limburg | 1.91% | 2023 | |
| 76 | Cataluña | 1.89% | 2023 | |
| 77 | Eesti | 1.83% | 2023 | |
| 78 | Ipeiros | 1.81% | 2023 | |
| 79 | Lazio | 1.80% | 2023 | |
| 80 | Comunidad Foral de Navarra | 1.79% | 2023 | |
| 81 | Niederösterreich | 1.79% | 2023 | |
| 82 | Aquitaine | 1.78% | 2023 | |
| 83 | Bratislavský kraj | 1.77% | 2023 | |
| 84 | Oberpfalz | 1.77% | 2023 | |
| 85 | Arnsberg | 1.76% | 2023 | |
| 86 | Attiki | 1.75% | 2023 | |
| 87 | Detmold | 1.75% | 2023 | |
| 88 | Bretagne | 1.74% | 2023 | |
| 89 | Nordjylland | 1.74% | 2023 | |
| 90 | Prov. West-Vlaanderen | 1.72% | 2023 | |
| 91 | Friuli-Venezia Giulia | 1.69% | 2023 | |
| 92 | Alsace | 1.67% | 2023 | |
| 93 | Dolnośląskie | 1.66% | 2023 | |
| 94 | Kriti | 1.66% | 2023 | |
| 95 | Düsseldorf | 1.64% | 2023 | |
| 96 | Saarland | 1.62% | 2023 | |
| 97 | Salzburg | 1.61% | 2023 | |
| 98 | Provincia Autonoma di Trento | 1.59% | 2023 | |
| 99 | Prov. Hainaut | 1.58% | 2023 | |
| 100 | Dytiki Elláda | 1.56% | 2023 | |
| 101 | Kassel | 1.54% | 2023 | |
| 102 | Střední Morava | 1.54% | 2023 | |
| 103 | Erzurum, Erzincan, Bayburt | 1.53% | 2023 | |
| 104 | Schleswig-Holstein | 1.53% | 2023 | |
| 105 | Kentriki Makedonia | 1.51% | 2023 | |
| 106 | Brandenburg | 1.49% | 2023 | |
| 107 | Sostinės regionas | 1.47% | 2023 | |
| 108 | Sachsen-Anhalt | 1.45% | 2023 | |
| 109 | Liguria | 1.44% | 2023 | |
| 110 | Northern and Western | 1.44% | 2023 | |
| 111 | Småland med öarna | 1.43% | 2023 | |
| 112 | Vzhodna Slovenija | 1.43% | 2023 | |
| 113 | Picardie | 1.42% | 2023 | |
| 114 | Jihozápad | 1.40% | 2023 | |
| 115 | Lubelskie | 1.40% | 2023 | |
| 116 | Bursa, Eskişehir, Bilecik | 1.39% | 2023 | |
| 117 | Castilla y León | 1.38% | 2023 | |
| 118 | Centre — Val de Loire | 1.38% | 2023 | |
| 119 | Mecklenburg-Vorpommern | 1.37% | 2023 | |
| 120 | Schwaben | 1.37% | 2023 | |
| 121 | Toscana | 1.37% | 2023 | |
| 122 | İstanbul | 1.36% | 2023 | |
| 123 | Haute-Normandie | 1.34% | 2023 | |
| 124 | Pays de la Loire | 1.33% | 2023 | |
| 125 | Region Vojvodine | 1.29% | 2023 | |
| 126 | Malatya, Elazığ, Bingöl, Tunceli | 1.25% | 2023 | |
| 127 | Yugozapaden | 1.25% | 2023 | |
| 128 | Galicia | 1.24% | 2023 | |
| 129 | Comunitat Valenciana | 1.23% | 2023 | |
| 130 | Severovýchod | 1.23% | 2023 | |
| 131 | Limousin | 1.22% | 2023 | |
| 132 | Lorraine | 1.22% | 2023 | |
| 133 | Campania | 1.20% | 2023 | |
| 134 | Veneto | 1.20% | 2023 | |
| 135 | Dél-Alföld | 1.19% | 2023 | |
| 136 | Lombardia | 1.19% | 2023 | |
| 137 | Podkarpackie | 1.19% | 2023 | |
| 138 | Vest | 1.18% | 2023 | |
| 139 | Anatoliki Makedonia, Thraki | 1.16% | 2023 | |
| 140 | Aragón | 1.16% | 2023 | |
| 141 | Münster | 1.16% | 2023 | |
| 142 | Andalucía | 1.15% | 2023 | |
| 143 | Basse-Normandie | 1.15% | 2023 | |
| 144 | Wielkopolskie | 1.14% | 2023 | |
| 145 | Beogradski region | 1.13% | 2023 | |
| 146 | Peloponnisos | 1.13% | 2023 | |
| 147 | Thessalia | 1.13% | 2023 | |
| 148 | Abruzzo | 1.10% | 2023 | |
| 149 | Mellersta Norrland | 1.09% | 2023 | |
| 150 | Prov. Namur | 1.09% | 2023 | |
| 151 | Región de Murcia | 1.07% | 2023 | |
| 152 | Sterea Elláda | 1.07% | 2023 | |
| 153 | Közép-Dunántúl | 1.06% | 2023 | |
| 154 | Luxembourg | 1.06% | 2023 | |
| 155 | Nyugat-Dunántúl | 1.06% | 2023 | |
| 156 | Voreio Aigaio | 1.06% | 2023 | |
| 157 | Moravskoslezsko | 1.05% | 2023 | |
| 158 | İzmir | 1.04% | 2023 | |
| 159 | Sjælland | 1.01% | 2023 | |
| 160 | Śląskie | 1.00% | 2023 | |
| 161 | Lüneburg | 0.99% | 2023 | |
| 162 | Dytiki Makedonia | 0.98% | 2023 | |
| 163 | Kayseri, Sivas, Yozgat | 0.98% | 2023 | |
| 164 | Principado de Asturias | 0.98% | 2023 | |
| 165 | Sicilia | 0.98% | 2023 | |
| 166 | Tekirdağ, Edirne, Kırklareli | 0.98% | 2023 | |
| 167 | Łódzkie | 0.98% | 2023 | |
| 168 | Manisa, Afyonkarahisar, Kütahya, Uşak | 0.97% | 2023 | |
| 169 | Cantabria | 0.96% | 2023 | |
| 170 | Koblenz | 0.96% | 2023 | |
| 171 | Norra Mellansverige | 0.96% | 2023 | |
| 172 | Warmińsko-mazurskie | 0.96% | 2023 | |
| 173 | Marche | 0.94% | 2023 | |
| 174 | La Rioja | 0.93% | 2023 | |
| 175 | Podlaskie | 0.92% | 2023 | |
| 176 | Nord-Pas de Calais | 0.91% | 2023 | |
| 177 | Península de Setúbal | 0.90% | 2023 | |
| 178 | Západné Slovensko | 0.90% | 2023 | |
| 179 | Konya, Karaman | 0.88% | 2023 | |
| 180 | Umbria | 0.88% | 2023 | |
| 181 | Kujawsko-pomorskie | 0.85% | 2023 | |
| 182 | Észak-Alföld | 0.85% | 2023 | |
| 183 | Sardegna | 0.83% | 2023 | |
| 184 | Alentejo | 0.82% | 2023 | |
| 185 | Bourgogne | 0.82% | 2023 | |
| 186 | Bucureşti-Ilfov | 0.82% | 2023 | |
| 187 | Latvija | 0.82% | 2023 | |
| 188 | Puglia | 0.82% | 2023 | |
| 189 | Poitou-Charentes | 0.80% | 2023 | |
| 190 | Zonguldak, Karabük, Bartın | 0.80% | 2023 | |
| 191 | Oeste e Vale do Tejo | 0.79% | 2023 | |
| 192 | Molise | 0.78% | 2023 | |
| 193 | Opolskie | 0.78% | 2023 | |
| 194 | Weser-Ems | 0.78% | 2023 | |
| 195 | Zachodniopomorskie | 0.76% | 2023 | |
| 196 | Burgenland | 0.75% | 2023 | |
| 197 | Stredné Slovensko | 0.74% | 2023 | |
| 198 | Észak-Magyarország | 0.74% | 2023 | |
| 199 | Ağrı, Kars, Iğdır, Ardahan | 0.72% | 2023 | |
| 200 | Extremadura | 0.71% | 2023 | |
| 201 | Niederbayern | 0.70% | 2023 | |
| 202 | Trabzon, Ordu, Giresun, Rize, Artvin, Gümüşhane | 0.70% | 2023 | |
| 203 | Van, Muş, Bitlis, Hakkari | 0.70% | 2023 | |
| 204 | Vidurio ir vakarų Lietuvos regionas | 0.69% | 2023 | |
| 205 | Jadranska Hrvatska | 0.68% | 2023 | |
| 206 | Kırıkkale, Aksaray, Niğde, Nevşehir, Kırşehir | 0.68% | 2023 | |
| 207 | Samsun, Tokat, Çorum, Amasya | 0.68% | 2023 | |
| 208 | Kýpros | 0.66% | 2023 | |
| 209 | Provincia Autonoma di Bolzano/Bozen | 0.65% | 2023 | |
| 210 | Basilicata | 0.64% | 2023 | |
| 211 | Calabria | 0.64% | 2023 | |
| 212 | Świętokrzyskie | 0.64% | 2023 | |
| 213 | Castilla-La Mancha | 0.63% | 2023 | |
| 214 | Champagne-Ardenne | 0.63% | 2023 | |
| 215 | Antalya, Isparta, Burdur | 0.61% | 2023 | |
| 216 | Balıkesir, Çanakkale | 0.60% | 2023 | |
| 217 | Southern | 0.59% | 2023 | |
| 218 | Malta | 0.58% | 2023 | |
| 219 | Canarias | 0.57% | 2023 | |
| 220 | Prov. Luxembourg | 0.57% | 2023 | |
| 221 | Východné Slovensko | 0.57% | 2023 | |
| 222 | Dél-Dunántúl | 0.56% | 2023 | |
| 223 | Kastamonu, Çankırı, Sinop | 0.54% | 2023 | |
| 224 | Valle d’Aosta/Vallée d’Aoste | 0.53% | 2023 | |
| 225 | Åland | 0.53% | 2023 | |
| 226 | Aydın, Denizli, Muğla | 0.51% | 2023 | |
| 227 | Adana, Mersin | 0.50% | 2023 | |
| 228 | Algarve | 0.49% | 2023 | |
| 229 | Panonska Hrvatska | 0.49% | 2023 | |
| 230 | Região Autónoma dos Açores | 0.49% | 2023 | |
| 231 | Gaziantep, Adıyaman, Kilis | 0.48% | 2023 | |
| 232 | Illes Balears | 0.48% | 2023 | |
| 233 | Região Autónoma da Madeira | 0.48% | 2023 | |
| 234 | Şanlıurfa, Diyarbakır | 0.48% | 2023 | |
| 235 | Lubuskie | 0.45% | 2023 | |
| 236 | Severozápad | 0.45% | 2023 | |
| 237 | Hatay, Kahramanmaraş, Osmaniye | 0.42% | 2023 | |
| 238 | Centru | 0.41% | 2023 | |
| 239 | Pest | 0.41% | 2023 | |
| 240 | Yuzhen tsentralen | 0.41% | 2023 | |
| 241 | Sud-Muntenia | 0.40% | 2023 | |
| 242 | Severoiztochen | 0.39% | 2023 | |
| 243 | Ionia Nisia | 0.37% | 2023 | |
| 244 | Severna Makedonija | 0.37% | 2023 | |
| 245 | Ciudad de Melilla | 0.36% | 2023 | |
| 246 | Crna Gora | 0.34%p (provisional) | 2023 | |
| 247 | Severen tsentralen | 0.34% | 2023 | |
| 248 | Corse | 0.33% | 2023 | |
| 249 | Nord-Vest | 0.29% | 2023 | |
| 250 | Mazowiecki regionalny | 0.28% | 2023 | |
| 251 | Yugoiztochen | 0.27% | 2023 | |
| 252 | Mardin, Batman, Şırnak, Siirt | 0.26% | 2023 | |
| 253 | Severozapaden | 0.26% | 2023 | |
| 254 | Nord-Est | 0.25% | 2023 | |
| 255 | Region Juzne i Istocne Srbije | 0.25% | 2023 | |
| 256 | Notio Aigaio | 0.24% | 2023 | |
| 257 | Ciudad de Ceuta | 0.23% | 2023 | |
| 258 | Region Sumadije i Zapadne Srbije | 0.19% | 2023 | |
| 259 | Sud-Vest Oltenia | 0.17% | 2023 | |
| 260 | Sud-Est | 0.12% | 2023 |
Places are ordered from the highest to the lowest value. Group medians on this site are the middle value of the members with data for the same year; they are not official aggregates.
How this ranking works
Every region is ranked on its value for 2023, the latest period that most regions have, so all values are for the same point in time. Regions without a value for 2023 are left out. Groups and aggregates such as the European Union are not ranked. Values are as published by Eurostat; the ranking is a plain ordering from the highest to the lowest value and says nothing about whether a high value is good or bad.
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