Level of water stress by country, 2022
Total freshwater withdrawn by all sectors as a share of the renewable freshwater resources available after environmental flow requirements. Values above 100% mean withdrawals exceed renewable supply.
176 places ranked for 2022. Highest: Kuwait (3,850.5%). Lowest: Republic of the Congo (0.0%). The median is 10.7%.
Highest 10
- 1. Kuwait 3,850.5%
- 2. United Arab Emirates 1,509.9%
- 3. Saudi Arabia 974.2%
- 4. Libya 817.1%
- 5. Qatar 431.0%
- 6. Yemen 169.8%
- 7. Algeria 144.8%
- 8. Egypt 141.2%
- 9. Turkmenistan 135.2%
- 10. Bahrain 133.7%
Lowest 10
- 176. Republic of the Congo 0.0%
- 175. Papua New Guinea 0.1%
- 174. Equatorial Guinea 0.2%
- 173. Bolivia 0.2%
- 172. Democratic Republic of the Congo 0.2%
- 171. Liberia 0.3%
- 170. Fiji 0.3%
- 169. Namibia 0.3%
- 168. Central African Republic 0.3%
- 167. Iceland 0.4%
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The chart shows the 40 highest values; the table lists all 176. Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators.
In short
- Among the 176 countries with a value for 2022, the highest is Kuwait (3,850.5%) and the lowest Republic of the Congo (0.0%).
- Half of the countries are above 10.7% and half below.
- From 2021 to 2022 the value rose in 32 countries and fell in 17.
Full ranking
| # | Country | Value | Period | Relative size |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Kuwait | 3,850.5% | 2022 | |
| 2 | United Arab Emirates | 1,509.9% | 2022 | |
| 3 | Saudi Arabia | 974.2% | 2022 | |
| 4 | Libya | 817.1% | 2022 | |
| 5 | Qatar | 431.0% | 2022 | |
| 6 | Yemen | 169.8% | 2022 | |
| 7 | Algeria | 144.8% | 2022 | |
| 8 | Egypt | 141.2% | 2022 | |
| 9 | Turkmenistan | 135.2% | 2022 | |
| 10 | Bahrain | 133.7% | 2022 | |
| 11 | Syria | 124.4% | 2022 | |
| 12 | Uzbekistan | 123.0% | 2022 | |
| 13 | Sudan | 118.7% | 2022 | |
| 14 | Oman | 116.7% | 2022 | |
| 15 | Pakistan | 110.0% | 2022 | |
| 16 | Jordan | 105.2% | 2022 | |
| 17 | Tunisia | 98.1% | 2022 | |
| 18 | Sri Lanka | 90.8% | 2022 | |
| 19 | Barbados | 87.5% | 2022 | |
| 20 | South Korea | 85.2% | 2022 | |
| 21 | Iran | 81.3% | 2022 | |
| 22 | Eswatini | 77.6% | 2022 | |
| 23 | Malta | 72.6% | 2022 | |
| 24 | Tajikistan | 69.9% | 2022 | |
| 25 | South Africa | 67.6% | 2022 | |
| 26 | India | 66.5% | 2022 | |
| 27 | Armenia | 62.0% | 2022 | |
| 28 | Cabo Verde | 59.7% | 2022 | |
| 29 | Iraq | 59.6% | 2022 | |
| 30 | Lebanon | 58.8% | 2022 | |
| 31 | Azerbaijan | 57.5% | 2022 | |
| 32 | Afghanistan | 54.8% | 2022 | |
| 33 | Belgium | 52.8% | 2022 | |
| 34 | North Macedonia | 52.6% | 2022 | |
| 35 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 50.8% | 2022 | |
| 36 | Morocco | 50.8% | 2022 | |
| 37 | Kyrgyzstan | 50.0% | 2022 | |
| 38 | Türkiye | 47.9% | 2022 | |
| 39 | Zimbabwe | 46.1% | 2022 | |
| 40 | Mexico | 44.9% | 2022 | |
| 41 | Spain | 43.3% | 2022 | |
| 42 | China | 41.5% | 2022 | |
| 43 | Bulgaria | 40.2% | 2022 | |
| 44 | Dominican Republic | 39.6% | 2022 | |
| 45 | Japan | 36.6% | 2022 | |
| 46 | Germany | 35.4% | 2022 | |
| 47 | Kazakhstan | 34.6% | 2022 | |
| 48 | Singapore | 33.3% | 2022 | |
| 49 | Kenya | 33.2% | 2022 | |
| 50 | Poland | 32.5% | 2022 | |
| 51 | Ethiopia | 32.3% | 2022 | |
| 52 | Cyprus | 30.5% | 2022 | |
| 53 | Italy | 29.8% | 2022 | |
| 54 | Indonesia | 29.7% | 2022 | |
| 55 | Timor-Leste | 28.3% | 2022 | |
| 56 | United States | 28.2% | 2022 | |
| 57 | Philippines | 27.8% | 2022 | |
| 58 | North Korea | 27.7% | 2022 | |
| 59 | Denmark | 25.3% | 2022 | |
| 60 | Somalia, Fed. Rep. | 24.5% | 2022 | |
| 61 | Cuba | 23.9% | 2022 | |
| 62 | Thailand | 23.0% | 2022 | |
| 63 | Mauritius | 23.0% | 2022 | |
| 64 | Czechia | 22.0% | 2022 | |
| 65 | France | 21.4% | 2022 | |
| 66 | Trinidad and Tobago | 20.3% | 2022 | |
| 67 | Greece | 20.3% | 2022 | |
| 68 | Rwanda | 20.2% | 2022 | |
| 69 | Puerto Rico (US) | 19.5% | 2022 | |
| 70 | Viet Nam | 18.1% | 2022 | |
| 71 | Malawi | 17.5% | 2022 | |
| 72 | Netherlands | 16.7% | 2022 | |
| 73 | Senegal | 16.3% | 2022 | |
| 74 | Maldives | 15.7% | 2022 | |
| 75 | United Kingdom | 14.4% | 2022 | |
| 76 | Saint Lucia | 14.3% | 2022 | |
| 77 | Haiti | 13.4% | 2022 | |
| 78 | Mauritania | 13.2% | 2022 | |
| 79 | Estonia | 13.0% | 2022 | |
| 80 | Tanzania | 13.0% | 2022 | |
| 81 | Moldova | 12.6% | 2022 | |
| 82 | Jamaica | 12.4% | 2022 | |
| 83 | Portugal | 12.3% | 2022 | |
| 84 | El Salvador | 12.1% | 2022 | |
| 85 | Uruguay | 12.1% | 2022 | |
| 86 | Madagascar | 11.3% | 2022 | |
| 87 | Eritrea | 11.2% | 2022 | |
| 88 | Niger | 11.0% | 2022 | |
| 89 | Argentina | 10.5% | 2022 | |
| 90 | Burundi | 10.2% | 2022 | |
| 91 | Dominica | 10.0% | 2022 | |
| 92 | Nigeria | 9.7% | 2022 | |
| 93 | Chile | 9.0% | 2022 | |
| 94 | Austria | 8.7% | 2022 | |
| 95 | Antigua and Barbuda | 8.5% | 2022 | |
| 96 | Nepal | 8.3% | 2022 | |
| 97 | Hungary | 8.1% | 2022 | |
| 98 | Ireland | 8.1% | 2022 | |
| 99 | New Zealand | 8.0% | 2022 | |
| 100 | Mali | 8.0% | 2022 | |
| 101 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 7.9% | 2022 | |
| 102 | Burkina Faso | 7.8% | 2022 | |
| 103 | Romania | 7.6% | 2022 | |
| 104 | Venezuela | 7.5% | 2022 | |
| 105 | Finland | 7.1% | 2022 | |
| 106 | Grenada | 7.1% | 2022 | |
| 107 | Ecuador | 6.8% | 2022 | |
| 108 | Switzerland | 6.5% | 2022 | |
| 109 | Djibouti | 6.3% | 2022 | |
| 110 | Ghana | 6.3% | 2022 | |
| 111 | Ukraine | 6.3% | 2022 | |
| 112 | Costa Rica | 5.9% | 2022 | |
| 113 | Uganda | 5.8% | 2022 | |
| 114 | Myanmar | 5.8% | 2022 | |
| 115 | Guatemala | 5.7% | 2022 | |
| 116 | Serbia | 5.7% | 2022 | |
| 117 | Bangladesh | 5.7% | 2022 | |
| 118 | Slovenia | 5.6% | 2022 | |
| 119 | Côte d'Ivoire | 5.1% | 2022 | |
| 120 | Peru | 4.8% | 2022 | |
| 121 | Laos | 4.8% | 2022 | |
| 122 | Albania | 4.8% | 2022 | |
| 123 | Australia | 4.7% | 2022 | |
| 124 | Belarus | 4.7% | 2022 | |
| 125 | Honduras | 4.6% | 2022 | |
| 126 | Chad | 4.3% | 2022 | |
| 127 | South Sudan | 4.2% | 2022 | |
| 128 | Georgia | 4.2% | 2022 | |
| 129 | Russia | 4.1% | 2022 | |
| 130 | Luxembourg | 4.0% | 2022 | |
| 131 | Suriname | 4.0% | 2022 | |
| 132 | Canada | 3.7% | 2022 | |
| 133 | Colombia | 3.6% | 2022 | |
| 134 | Sweden | 3.6% | 2022 | |
| 135 | Brunei | 3.5% | 2022 | |
| 136 | Malaysia | 3.4% | 2022 | |
| 137 | Mongolia | 3.4% | 2022 | |
| 138 | Togo | 3.4% | 2022 | |
| 139 | Guyana | 3.3% | 2022 | |
| 140 | Zambia | 2.8% | 2022 | |
| 141 | Lesotho | 2.6% | 2022 | |
| 142 | Slovakia | 2.4% | 2022 | |
| 143 | Botswana | 2.2% | 2022 | |
| 144 | Nicaragua | 2.2% | 2022 | |
| 145 | Gambia | 2.2% | 2022 | |
| 146 | Lithuania | 2.2% | 2022 | |
| 147 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 2.1% | 2022 | |
| 148 | Norway | 2.0% | 2022 | |
| 149 | São Tomé and Príncipe | 1.9% | 2022 | |
| 150 | Angola | 1.9% | 2022 | |
| 151 | Paraguay | 1.8% | 2022 | |
| 152 | Mozambique | 1.8% | 2022 | |
| 153 | Cameroon | 1.6% | 2022 | |
| 154 | Croatia | 1.5% | 2022 | |
| 155 | Brazil | 1.5% | 2022 | |
| 156 | Guinea-Bissau | 1.5% | 2022 | |
| 157 | Bhutan | 1.4% | 2022 | |
| 158 | Guinea | 1.4% | 2022 | |
| 159 | Belize | 1.3% | 2022 | |
| 160 | Cambodia | 1.0% | 2022 | |
| 161 | Latvia | 1.0% | 2022 | |
| 162 | Benin | 1.0% | 2022 | |
| 163 | Panama | 0.9% | 2022 | |
| 164 | Comoros | 0.8% | 2022 | |
| 165 | Gabon | 0.5% | 2022 | |
| 166 | Sierra Leone | 0.5% | 2022 | |
| 167 | Iceland | 0.4% | 2022 | |
| 168 | Central African Republic | 0.3% | 2022 | |
| 169 | Namibia | 0.3% | 2022 | |
| 170 | Fiji | 0.3% | 2022 | |
| 171 | Liberia | 0.3% | 2022 | |
| 172 | Democratic Republic of the Congo | 0.2% | 2022 | |
| 173 | Bolivia | 0.2% | 2022 | |
| 174 | Equatorial Guinea | 0.2% | 2022 | |
| 175 | Papua New Guinea | 0.1% | 2022 | |
| 176 | Republic of the Congo | 0.0% | 2022 |
Places are ordered from the highest to the lowest value. Group medians on this site are the middle value of the members with data for the same year; they are not official aggregates.
How this ranking works
Every country is ranked on its value for 2022, the latest period that most countries have, so all values are for the same point in time. Countries without a value for 2022 are left out. Groups and aggregates such as the European Union are not ranked. Values are as published by World Bank; the ranking is a plain ordering from the highest to the lowest value and says nothing about whether a high value is good or bad.
Earlier years: use the year selector above. Methodology · Coverage and freshness