Level of water stress
Total freshwater withdrawn by all sectors as a share of the renewable freshwater resources available after environmental flow requirements. Values above 100% mean withdrawals exceed renewable supply.
Highest in 2022
3,850.5%
Kuwait
Lowest in 2022
0.0%
Republic of the Congo
Countries ranked for 2022
176
Updated by the source on 8 October 2026
176 countries have a value for 2022, the latest period in the data.
Trend over time
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The chart shows a calculation from the published values. The table below keeps the published values.
% of available freshwater resources. Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators. Gaps mean no published value; points are not joined across missing years.
| Period | United States | China | India | Germany |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2022 | 28.2% | 41.5% | 66.5% | 35.4% |
| 2021 | 28.2% | 41.5% | 66.5% | 35.4% |
| 2020 | 28.2% | 41.5% | 66.5% | 35.4% |
| 2019 | 28.2% | 43.2% | 66.5% | 35.4% |
| 2018 | 28.2% | 43.3% | 66.5% | 36.9% |
| 2017 | 28.2% | 43.5% | 66.5% | 38.0% |
| 2016 | 28.2% | 44.1% | 66.5% | 33.5% |
| 2015 | 28.2% | 43.2% | 66.5% | 40.9% |
| 2014 | 27.8% | 43.3% | 66.5% | 42.9% |
| 2013 | 27.5% | 44.0% | 66.5% | 34.7% |
| 2012 | 27.2% | 43.7% | 66.5% | 46.1% |
| 2011 | 26.9% | 43.5% | 66.5% | 49.9% |
| 2010 | 26.5% | 42.9% | 66.5% | 45.2% |
| 2009 | 27.3% | 42.6% | 66.1% | 54.4% |
| 2008 | 28.1% | 42.1% | 65.7% | 53.3% |
| 2007 | 28.8% | 41.5% | 65.3% | 44.2% |
| 2006 | 29.6% | 41.5% | 65.0% | 54.5% |
| 2005 | 30.3% | 40.5% | 64.6% | 55.3% |
| 2004 | 30.3% | 40.4% | 64.2% | 56.9% |
| 2003 | 30.2% | 40.4% | 67.3% | 58.9% |
| 2002 | 30.1% | 40.3% | 65.8% | 60.9% |
| 2001 | 30.1% | 40.3% | 64.2% | 61.3% |
| 2000 | 30.0% | 40.2% | 62.7% | 61.5% |
| 1999 | 30.0% | 40.0% | 61.5% | 62.2% |
| 1998 | 29.9% | 39.7% | 60.4% | 62.8% |
A dash means no value was published for that period.
In short
- Among the 176 countries with a value for 2022, the highest is Kuwait (3,850.5%) and the lowest Republic of the Congo (0.0%).
- Half of the countries are above 10.7% and half below.
- From 2021 to 2022 the value rose in 32 countries and fell in 17.
About this measure
Source and dates
All countries in 2022 Every value is for 2022, so the countries are compared at the same point in time.
- 1 Kuwait 3,850.5%
- 2 United Arab Emirates 1,509.9%
- 3 Saudi Arabia 974.2%
- 4 Libya 817.1%
- 5 Qatar 431.0%
- 6 Yemen 169.8%
- 7 Algeria 144.8%
- 8 Egypt 141.2%
- 9 Turkmenistan 135.2%
- 10 Bahrain 133.7%
- 11 Syria 124.4%
- 12 Uzbekistan 123.0%
- 13 Sudan 118.7%
- 14 Oman 116.7%
- 15 Pakistan 110.0%
- 16 Jordan 105.2%
- 17 Tunisia 98.1%
- 18 Sri Lanka 90.8%
- 19 Barbados 87.5%
- 20 South Korea 85.2%
- 21 Iran 81.3%
- 22 Eswatini 77.6%
- 23 Malta 72.6%
- 24 Tajikistan 69.9%
- 25 South Africa 67.6%
- 26 India 66.5%
- 27 Armenia 62.0%
- 28 Cabo Verde 59.7%
- 29 Iraq 59.6%
- 30 Lebanon 58.8%
- 31 Azerbaijan 57.5%
- 32 Afghanistan 54.8%
- 33 Belgium 52.8%
- 34 North Macedonia 52.6%
- 35 Saint Kitts and Nevis 50.8%
- 36 Morocco 50.8%
- 37 Kyrgyzstan 50.0%
- 38 Türkiye 47.9%
- 39 Zimbabwe 46.1%
- 40 Mexico 44.9%
- 41 Spain 43.3%
- 42 China 41.5%
- 43 Bulgaria 40.2%
- 44 Dominican Republic 39.6%
- 45 Japan 36.6%
- 46 Germany 35.4%
- 47 Kazakhstan 34.6%
- 48 Singapore 33.3%
- 49 Kenya 33.2%
- 50 Poland 32.5%
- 51 Ethiopia 32.3%
- 52 Cyprus 30.5%
- 53 Italy 29.8%
- 54 Indonesia 29.7%
- 55 Timor-Leste 28.3%
- 56 United States 28.2%
- 57 Philippines 27.8%
- 58 North Korea 27.7%
- 59 Denmark 25.3%
- 60 Somalia, Fed. Rep. 24.5%
- 61 Cuba 23.9%
- 62 Thailand 23.0%
- 63 Mauritius 23.0%
- 64 Czechia 22.0%
- 65 France 21.4%
- 66 Trinidad and Tobago 20.3%
- 67 Greece 20.3%
- 68 Rwanda 20.2%
- 69 Puerto Rico (US) 19.5%
- 70 Viet Nam 18.1%
- 71 Malawi 17.5%
- 72 Netherlands 16.7%
- 73 Senegal 16.3%
- 74 Maldives 15.7%
- 75 United Kingdom 14.4%
- 76 Saint Lucia 14.3%
- 77 Haiti 13.4%
- 78 Mauritania 13.2%
- 79 Estonia 13.0%
- 80 Tanzania 13.0%
- 81 Moldova 12.6%
- 82 Jamaica 12.4%
- 83 Portugal 12.3%
- 84 El Salvador 12.1%
- 85 Uruguay 12.1%
- 86 Madagascar 11.3%
- 87 Eritrea 11.2%
- 88 Niger 11.0%
- 89 Argentina 10.5%
- 90 Burundi 10.2%
- 91 Dominica 10.0%
- 92 Nigeria 9.7%
- 93 Chile 9.0%
- 94 Austria 8.7%
- 95 Antigua and Barbuda 8.5%
- 96 Nepal 8.3%
- 97 Hungary 8.1%
- 98 Ireland 8.1%
- 99 New Zealand 8.0%
- 100 Mali 8.0%
- 101 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 7.9%
- 102 Burkina Faso 7.8%
- 103 Romania 7.6%
- 104 Venezuela 7.5%
- 105 Finland 7.1%
- 106 Grenada 7.1%
- 107 Ecuador 6.8%
- 108 Switzerland 6.5%
- 109 Djibouti 6.3%
- 110 Ghana 6.3%
- 111 Ukraine 6.3%
- 112 Costa Rica 5.9%
- 113 Uganda 5.8%
- 114 Myanmar 5.8%
- 115 Guatemala 5.7%
- 116 Serbia 5.7%
- 117 Bangladesh 5.7%
- 118 Slovenia 5.6%
- 119 Côte d'Ivoire 5.1%
- 120 Peru 4.8%
- 121 Laos 4.8%
- 122 Albania 4.8%
- 123 Australia 4.7%
- 124 Belarus 4.7%
- 125 Honduras 4.6%
- 126 Chad 4.3%
- 127 South Sudan 4.2%
- 128 Georgia 4.2%
- 129 Russia 4.1%
- 130 Luxembourg 4.0%
- 131 Suriname 4.0%
- 132 Canada 3.7%
- 133 Colombia 3.6%
- 134 Sweden 3.6%
- 135 Brunei 3.5%
- 136 Malaysia 3.4%
- 137 Mongolia 3.4%
- 138 Togo 3.4%
- 139 Guyana 3.3%
- 140 Zambia 2.8%
- 141 Lesotho 2.6%
- 142 Slovakia 2.4%
- 143 Botswana 2.2%
- 144 Nicaragua 2.2%
- 145 Gambia 2.2%
- 146 Lithuania 2.2%
- 147 Bosnia and Herzegovina 2.1%
- 148 Norway 2.0%
- 149 São Tomé and Príncipe 1.9%
- 150 Angola 1.9%
- 151 Paraguay 1.8%
- 152 Mozambique 1.8%
- 153 Cameroon 1.6%
- 154 Croatia 1.5%
- 155 Brazil 1.5%
- 156 Guinea-Bissau 1.5%
- 157 Bhutan 1.4%
- 158 Guinea 1.4%
- 159 Belize 1.3%
- 160 Cambodia 1.0%
- 161 Latvia 1.0%
- 162 Benin 1.0%
- 163 Panama 0.9%
- 164 Comoros 0.8%
- 165 Gabon 0.5%
- 166 Sierra Leone 0.5%
- 167 Iceland 0.4%
- 168 Central African Republic 0.3%
- 169 Namibia 0.3%
- 170 Fiji 0.3%
- 171 Liberia 0.3%
- 172 Democratic Republic of the Congo 0.2%
- 173 Bolivia 0.2%
- 174 Equatorial Guinea 0.2%
- 175 Papua New Guinea 0.1%
- 176 Republic of the Congo 0.0%
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Grey: no value for 2022. Colour groups split countries into roughly equal numbers. Boundaries: Natural Earth.