Belgium

Population on 1 January 11,883,495 people 2025 · Eurostat Population by age and sex 11,883,495 people 2025 · Eurostat Crude birth rate 9.2p (Provisional) per 1,000 people 2025 · Eurostat Crude death rate 9.5p (Provisional) per 1,000 people 2025 · Eurostat Total fertility rate 1.44 births per woman 2024 · Eurostat Population aged 65 and over 20.2% 2025 · Eurostat Median age of the population 42.1 years 2025 · Eurostat Old-age dependency ratio 31.8 per 100 working-age people 2025 · Eurostat Natural population change -0.3p (Provisional) per 1,000 people 2025 · Eurostat Population estimates and projections 11,712,893 people 2023 · UN Population Division Median age estimates and projections 41.4 years 2023 · UN Population Division Fertility rate estimates and projections 1.38 births per woman 2023 · UN Population Division Population growth estimates and projections 0.25% 2023 · UN Population Division Population 11,941,781 people 2025 · World Bank Population growth 0.70% 2025 · World Bank Population aged 65 and over 21.0% 2025 · World Bank Population aged 0 to 14 15.7% 2025 · World Bank Fertility rate 1.44 births per woman 2024 · World Bank Crude birth rate 9.2 per 1,000 people 2024 · World Bank Crude death rate 9.5 per 1,000 people 2024 · World Bank Urban population share 87.7% 2025 · World Bank Adolescent birth rate 3.5 per 1,000 women aged 15 to 19 2024 · World Bank Age dependency ratio 57.9 per 100 working-age people 2025 · World Bank Population density 388.9 people per km² 2024 · World Bank Urban population growth 0.77% 2025 · World Bank

Immigration 162,926 immigrants 2024 · Eurostat Emigration 100,100 emigrants 2024 · Eurostat Acquisitions of citizenship 60,108 people 2024 · Eurostat First-time asylum applicants 27,540 applicants 2025 · Eurostat Net migration rate 6.4p (Provisional) per 1,000 people 2025 · Eurostat Net migration estimates and projections 3.6 per 1,000 people 2023 · UN Population Division Net migration 31,989 people 2025 · World Bank International migrant stock 20.0% 2024 · World Bank Personal remittances received 2.3% 2025 · World Bank

Unemployment rate, ages 15 to 74 6.2% 2025 · Eurostat Youth unemployment rate, ages 15 to 24 17.4% 2025 · Eurostat Long-term unemployment rate 2.0% 2025 · Eurostat Employment rate, ages 20 to 64 72.8% 2025 · Eurostat Employment rate of women, ages 20 to 64 69.3% 2025 · Eurostat Monthly unemployment rate (seasonally adjusted) 6.0% September 2026 · Eurostat Usual weekly working hours 36.1 hours per week 2025 · Eurostat Part-time employment 25.5% 2025 · Eurostat Monthly youth unemployment 18.0% September 2026 · Eurostat Employment of older workers 61.5% 2025 · Eurostat ILO estimate of the unemployment rate 5.9% 2025 · ILOSTAT ILO estimate of youth unemployment 17.8% 2025 · ILOSTAT Labour force participation 54.3% 2025 · ILOSTAT Women's labour force participation 49.8% 2025 · ILOSTAT Employment-to-population ratio 51.1% 2025 · ILOSTAT OECD monthly unemployment rate 6.0% September 2026 · OECD Employment in agriculture 1.0% 2025 · World Bank Employment in industry 19.2% 2025 · World Bank Employment in services 79.8% 2025 · World Bank

Median equivalised net income €31,299 per year 2025 · Eurostat Unadjusted gender pay gap 0.7%p (Provisional) 2024 · Eurostat Hourly labour cost €48.2 per hour 2024 · Eurostat Monthly minimum wage €2,234 per month H2 2026 · Eurostat Net annual earnings €36,414 per year 2025 · Eurostat

GDP per capita in euro €53,840p (Provisional) per person 2025 · Eurostat GDP per capita in PPS 116p (Provisional) (EU = 100) 2024 · Eurostat Real GDP growth 0.9%p (Provisional) 2025 · Eurostat GDP in euro 640,853p (Provisional) million € 2025 · Eurostat Quarterly GDP growth (seasonally adjusted) 0.3%p (Provisional) Q3 2026 · Eurostat Labour productivity growth 0.4%p (Provisional) 2025 · Eurostat GDP growth, year on year 0.7%p (Provisional) Q3 2026 · Eurostat GDP in US dollars US$725.5 billion 2025 · World Bank GDP per capita in US dollars US$60,750 per person 2025 · World Bank GDP per capita, PPP Int$63,488 per person 2025 · World Bank GNI per capita, Atlas method US$59,500 per person 2025 · World Bank Real GDP growth 1.0% 2025 · World Bank Services share of GDP 71.2% 2025 · World Bank Investment share of GDP 25.7% 2025 · World Bank Savings share of GDP 24.0% 2025 · World Bank Household consumption per person US$22,972 per person 2025 · World Bank

HICP inflation 3.0% 2025 · Eurostat HICP price index 135.49 (2015 = 100) 2025 · Eurostat Monthly HICP inflation 5.2%e (Estimated) October 2026 · Eurostat Consumer price level index 119 (EU = 100) 2024 · Eurostat Food price inflation (HICP) 2.7% 2025 · Eurostat Energy price inflation (HICP) 4.7% 2025 · Eurostat OECD monthly CPI inflation 5.3% October 2026 · OECD Consumer price inflation 2.5% 2025 · World Bank Consumer price index 145.7 (2010 = 100) 2025 · World Bank Inflation measured by the GDP deflator 2.6% 2025 · World Bank Exchange rate to the US dollar 0.885 per US$ 2025 · World Bank

House price change 3.2% 2025 · Eurostat Housing cost overburden rate 6.7% 2025 · Eurostat Overcrowding rate 6.6% 2025 · Eurostat Home ownership rate 70.9% 2025 · Eurostat Inability to keep home adequately warm 4.2% 2025 · Eurostat Average household size 2.2 people per household 2025 · Eurostat House prices, quarterly 2.1%p (Provisional) Q2 2026 · Eurostat Arrears on utility bills 4.0% 2025 · Eurostat Mortgage interest rate 3.76% September 2026 · ECB Slum population 0.0% 2022 · World Bank

NEET rate, ages 15 to 29 9.8% 2025 · Eurostat Tertiary education attainment, ages 25 to 34 52.7% 2025 · Eurostat Early leavers from education and training 7.3% 2025 · Eurostat Adult participation in learning 18.0% 2025 · Eurostat ILO estimate of the youth NEET rate 7.4% 2025 · ILOSTAT Primary completion (UIS) 97.7% 2021 · UNESCO UIS Lower secondary completion 95.4% 2021 · UNESCO UIS Upper secondary completion 88.1% 2021 · UNESCO UIS Out-of-school children 1.7%nat_est (National estimate) 2023 · UNESCO UIS Out-of-school adolescents 1.5%nat_est (National estimate) 2023 · UNESCO UIS Out-of-school youth 1.6%nat_est (National estimate) 2023 · UNESCO UIS Primary net enrolment 98.3%nat_est (National estimate) 2023 · UNESCO UIS Education share of public spending 12.0% 2022 · UNESCO UIS Education spending 6.3% 2022 · World Bank Primary school enrolment (gross) 102.1% 2023 · World Bank Tertiary education enrolment (gross) 82.1% 2023 · World Bank Secondary school enrolment (gross) 143.0% 2023 · World Bank

Life expectancy at birth 82.4 years 2024 · Eurostat Infant mortality rate 3.5 per 1,000 live births 2024 · Eurostat Hospital beds 534d (Definition differs) per 100,000 people 2025 · Eurostat Practising physicians 334b (Break in time series) per 100,000 people 2024 · Eurostat People reporting good or very good health 73.9% 2025 · Eurostat Health spending share of GDP 11.1% 2024 · Eurostat Practising nurses 1,143 per 100,000 people 2023 · Eurostat Healthy life years at birth 63.9 years 2024 · Eurostat Life expectancy at age 65 20.6 years 2024 · Eurostat Adults with obesity 15.9% 2019 · Eurostat Daily smokers 15.4% 2019 · Eurostat Life expectancy estimates and projections 82.1 years 2023 · UN Population Division Life expectancy at 65, estimates and projections 20.5 years 2023 · UN Population Division Healthy life expectancy 69.9 years 2023 · WHO UHC service coverage 86 2023 · WHO Alcohol consumption 8.66 litres 2024 · WHO Adult obesity 20.8% 2024 · WHO Hypertension 30.0% 2019 · WHO Suicide rate 15.1 per 100,000 people 2023 · WHO Premature NCD mortality 8.7% 2023 · WHO Physical inactivity 28.8% 2022 · WHO DTP3 immunisation 98% 2025 · WHO Anaemia in women 15.0% 2023 · WHO Poisoning deaths 0.4 per 100,000 people 2023 · WHO Nurses and midwives 122.9 per 10,000 people 2022 · WHO Dentists 7.24 per 10,000 people 2023 · WHO Life expectancy at birth 82.3 years 2024 · World Bank Life expectancy at birth, women 84.4 years 2024 · World Bank Life expectancy at birth, men 80.3 years 2024 · World Bank Health spending share of GDP 10.8% 2023 · World Bank Under-five mortality rate 3.7 per 1,000 live births 2024 · World Bank Infant mortality rate 3.1 per 1,000 live births 2024 · World Bank Maternal mortality ratio 4 per 100,000 live births 2023 · World Bank Physicians 3.57 per 1,000 people 2022 · World Bank Hospital beds 5.4 per 1,000 people 2023 · World Bank Measles immunisation 96% 2024 · World Bank Tobacco use 23.5% 2024 · World Bank Out-of-pocket health spending 21.5% 2023 · World Bank Health spending per person US$5,931 per person 2023 · World Bank Diabetes prevalence 5.9% 2024 · World Bank Neonatal mortality rate 2.2 per 1,000 live births 2024 · World Bank Child stunting 1.9% 2023 · World Bank Tuberculosis incidence 3 per 100,000 people 2024 · World Bank HIV incidence 0.10 per 1,000 people aged 15 to 49 2024 · World Bank

Households with internet access 94.7% 2025 · Eurostat Internet use in the last three months 96.5% 2025 · Eurostat Daily internet use 93.5% 2025 · Eurostat Basic digital skills 61.2% 2025 · Eurostat Online shopping 78.5% 2025 · Eurostat ICT specialists in employment 5.9% 2025 · Eurostat Internet users 95.8% 2024 · World Bank Mobile subscriptions 104 per 100 people 2024 · World Bank Fixed broadband subscriptions 44.2 per 100 people 2024 · World Bank

Industrial production 90.4 (2021 = 100) 2025 · Eurostat Enterprise birth rate 8.0% 2024 · Eurostat Monthly industrial production -7.1% August 2026 · Eurostat Business loan interest rate 4.01% September 2026 · ECB Industry share of GDP 18.6% 2025 · World Bank New businesses registered 39,772 companies 2023 · World Bank Medium and high-tech manufacturing 50.8% 2024 · World Bank Manufacturing share of GDP 11.2% 2025 · World Bank

Exports share of GDP 76.0%p (Provisional) 2025 · Eurostat Imports share of GDP 76.5%p (Provisional) 2025 · Eurostat Current account balance, quarterly 1.0% Q2 2026 · Eurostat Exports share of GDP 75.5% 2025 · World Bank Imports share of GDP 77.5% 2025 · World Bank Trade as a share of GDP 152.9% 2025 · World Bank Foreign direct investment inflows -4.0% 2025 · World Bank Current account balance -0.2% 2025 · World Bank High-technology exports 19.8% 2024 · World Bank

Nights spent in tourist accommodation 46,136,112 nights 2025 · Eurostat Arrivals at tourist accommodation 19,637,571 arrivals 2025 · Eurostat Bed-place occupancy rate in hotels 42.0% 2025 · Eurostat

Car share of passenger transport 79.5%e (Estimated) 2024 · Eurostat Car ownership 513p (Provisional) per 1,000 people 2025 · Eurostat Road traffic deaths 4.0 per 100,000 people 2024 · Eurostat Rail passenger transport 10,669 million passenger-km 2011 · Eurostat Road share of inland freight transport 78.0%e (Estimated) 2024 · Eurostat New zero-emission cars 34.1% 2025 · Eurostat Road traffic deaths 5.8 per 100,000 people 2019 · World Bank Air passengers carried 11,390,665 passengers 2023 · World Bank

Renewable energy share 14.9%p (Provisional) 2025 · Eurostat Renewable electricity share 34.3%p (Provisional) 2025 · Eurostat Energy import dependency 75.4% 2024 · Eurostat Electricity price for households €0.3575 per kWh H1 2026 · Eurostat Natural gas price for households €0.0846 per kWh H1 2026 · Eurostat Primary energy consumption 42.7 Mtoe 2024 · Eurostat Access to electricity 100.0% 2024 · World Bank Clean cooking access 100.0% 2024 · World Bank Renewable energy share 11.7% 2021 · World Bank Fossil electricity share 24.7% 2025 · World Bank Net energy imports 88.5% 2024 · World Bank

Greenhouse gas emissions per person 8.3 t CO2e per person 2024 · Eurostat Total greenhouse gas emissions 98.0 Mt CO2e 2024 · Eurostat Temperature change 2.19e (Estimate) °C 2025 · FAOSTAT Agrifood emissions per person 2.03e (Estimate) t CO2e per person 2024 · FAOSTAT Total greenhouse gas emissions 107.8 Mt CO2e 2024 · World Bank Greenhouse gas emissions per person 9.1 t CO2e per person 2024 · World Bank CO2 emissions per person 7.31 t CO2 per person 2024 · World Bank Methane emissions 11.7 Mt CO2e 2024 · World Bank Nitrous oxide emissions 7.45 Mt CO2e 2024 · World Bank

PM2.5 air pollution 9.6 µg/m³ 2023 · WHO Forest area 22.0% 2024 · World Bank Protected areas 18.6% 2025 · World Bank PM2.5 air pollution exposure 8.4 µg/m³ 2023 · World Bank Terrestrial protected areas 16.4% 2025 · World Bank

Municipal waste generated per person 699 kg per person 2024 · Eurostat Recycling rate of municipal waste 56.6% 2024 · Eurostat Total waste generated per person 5,909 kg per person 2024 · Eurostat Basic drinking water access 100.0% 2024 · World Bank Safely managed drinking water 99.5% 2024 · World Bank Basic sanitation access 99.5% 2024 · World Bank Level of water stress 52.8% 2022 · World Bank Renewable internal freshwater per person 1,027 m³ per person 2022 · World Bank Safely managed sanitation 94.9% 2024 · World Bank

Area under organic farming 7.4% 2024 · Eurostat Cost of a healthy diet Int$3.12e (Estimate) per person per day 2025 · FAOSTAT Healthy diet unaffordable 0.9%e (Estimate) 2025 · FAOSTAT Pesticide use 6.22e (Estimate) kg/ha 2024 · FAOSTAT Nitrogen fertiliser use 140.7e (Estimate) kg/ha 2024 · FAOSTAT Agriculture share of GDP 0.7% 2025 · World Bank Cereal yield 6,856 kg per hectare 2024 · World Bank Agricultural land 44.4% 2024 · World Bank Capture fisheries production 17,068 tonnes 2024 · World Bank Prevalence of undernourishment 2.5% 2024 · World Bank Food production index 100.0 (2014-16 = 100) 2024 · World Bank Fertiliser use 213.8 kg per hectare 2024 · World Bank Land area 30,494 km² 2024 · World Bank

At-risk-of-poverty rate 10.9% 2025 · Eurostat Poverty or social exclusion rate 16.5% 2025 · Eurostat Income inequality (Gini) 23.4 (0 to 100) 2025 · Eurostat Income quintile share ratio (S80/S20) 3.25 times 2025 · Eurostat Severe material and social deprivation 4.9% 2025 · Eurostat Gini index 26.8 (0 to 100) 2023 · World Bank Income share held by the richest 10% 22.2% 2023 · World Bank Extreme poverty rate 0.1% 2023 · World Bank Poverty rate at national poverty lines 12.3% 2022 · World Bank Poverty rate at $4.20 a day (2021 PPP) 0.1% 2023 · World Bank Poverty rate at $8.30 a day (2021 PPP) 0.3% 2023 · World Bank

Government debt 108.1% 2025 · Eurostat Government deficit or surplus -5.2% 2025 · Eurostat Government spending 54.4%p (Provisional) 2025 · Eurostat Tax-to-GDP ratio 44.7%p (Provisional) 2025 · Eurostat Government spending on health 8.0%p (Provisional) 2024 · Eurostat Government spending on education 6.3%p (Provisional) 2024 · Eurostat Government spending on social protection 20.4%p (Provisional) 2024 · Eurostat Government spending on defence 1.3%p (Provisional) 2024 · Eurostat Government debt, quarterly 110.2%p (Provisional) Q2 2026 · Eurostat Tax revenue 23.0% 2024 · World Bank Central government expense 39.7% 2022 · World Bank

R&D spending share of GDP 3.34%p (Provisional) 2025 · Eurostat Researchers as a share of the labour force 1.52%e (Estimated) 2024 · Eurostat European patent applications 214.4p (Provisional) per million people 2025 · Eurostat R&D spending share of GDP 3.27% 2023 · World Bank Researchers per million people 5,990 per million people 2023 · World Bank Scientific and technical journal articles 16,816 articles 2023 · World Bank

Intentional homicides 1.40 per 100,000 people 2024 · Eurostat Crime or vandalism in the area 12.4% 2023 · Eurostat Robberies recorded by the police 116.3 per 100,000 people 2024 · Eurostat Burglaries recorded by the police 407.1 per 100,000 people 2024 · Eurostat Thefts recorded by the police 1,658 per 100,000 people 2024 · Eurostat Intentional homicides 1.1 per 100,000 people 2021 · World Bank

Cultural employment 4.4% 2025 · Eurostat Average life satisfaction 7.6 out of 10 2025 · Eurostat Women in national parliament 41.3% 2025 · World Bank