China

Population estimates and projections 1,422,584,933 people 2023 · UN Population Division Median age estimates and projections 39.1 years 2023 · UN Population Division Fertility rate estimates and projections 1.00 births per woman 2023 · UN Population Division Population growth estimates and projections -0.24% 2023 · UN Population Division Population 1,406,585,000 people 2025 · World Bank Population growth -0.17% 2025 · World Bank Population aged 65 and over 14.9% 2025 · World Bank Population aged 0 to 14 15.4% 2025 · World Bank Fertility rate 1.01 births per woman 2024 · World Bank Crude birth rate 6.8 per 1,000 people 2024 · World Bank Crude death rate 7.8 per 1,000 people 2024 · World Bank Urban population share 66.3% 2025 · World Bank Adolescent birth rate 5.2 per 1,000 women aged 15 to 19 2024 · World Bank Age dependency ratio 43.5 per 100 working-age people 2025 · World Bank Population density 150.1 people per km² 2024 · World Bank Urban population growth 0.51% 2025 · World Bank

Net migration estimates and projections -0.4 per 1,000 people 2023 · UN Population Division Net migration -268,126 people 2025 · World Bank International migrant stock 0.1% 2024 · World Bank Personal remittances received 0.2% 2025 · World Bank

ILO estimate of the unemployment rate 4.6% 2025 · ILOSTAT ILO estimate of youth unemployment 15.8% 2025 · ILOSTAT Labour force participation 64.6% 2025 · ILOSTAT Women's labour force participation 59.1% 2025 · ILOSTAT Employment-to-population ratio 61.6% 2025 · ILOSTAT Employment in agriculture 21.7% 2025 · World Bank Employment in industry 31.8% 2025 · World Bank Employment in services 46.5% 2025 · World Bank

GDP in US dollars US$19.50 trillion 2025 · World Bank GDP per capita in US dollars US$13,862 per person 2025 · World Bank GDP per capita, PPP Int$25,067 per person 2025 · World Bank GNI per capita, Atlas method US$14,230 per person 2025 · World Bank Real GDP growth 5.0% 2025 · World Bank Services share of GDP 57.7% 2025 · World Bank Investment share of GDP 40.5% 2024 · World Bank Savings share of GDP 42.7% 2024 · World Bank Household consumption per person US$5,364 per person 2024 · World Bank

OECD monthly CPI inflation 0.7% October 2026 · OECD Consumer price inflation 0.1% 2025 · World Bank Consumer price index 132.6 (2010 = 100) 2025 · World Bank Inflation measured by the GDP deflator -0.9% 2025 · World Bank Exchange rate to the US dollar 7.190 per US$ 2025 · World Bank

Slum population 26.3% 2022 · World Bank

ILO estimate of the youth NEET rate 11.2% 2025 · ILOSTAT Primary completion (UIS) 99.2% 2020 · UNESCO UIS Lower secondary completion 95.7% 2020 · UNESCO UIS Upper secondary completion 87.5% 2020 · UNESCO UIS Out-of-school children 6.7% 1997 · UNESCO UIS Primary net enrolment 93.3% 1997 · UNESCO UIS Youth literacy 99.8% 2020 · UNESCO UIS Education share of public spending 11.9% 2023 · UNESCO UIS Education spending 3.9% 2023 · World Bank Primary school enrolment (gross) 99.6% 2024 · World Bank Tertiary education enrolment (gross) 76.9% 2024 · World Bank Adult literacy rate 96.7% 2020 · World Bank Primary school completion rate 103.5% 2010 · World Bank Secondary school enrolment (gross) 92.3% 2012 · World Bank

Life expectancy estimates and projections 78.0 years 2023 · UN Population Division Life expectancy at 65, estimates and projections 17.5 years 2023 · UN Population Division Healthy life expectancy 68.0 years 2023 · WHO UHC service coverage 85 2023 · WHO Alcohol consumption 2.58 litres 2024 · WHO Adult obesity 9.3% 2024 · WHO Hypertension 27.3% 2019 · WHO Suicide rate 8.0 per 100,000 people 2023 · WHO Premature NCD mortality 15.3% 2023 · WHO Physical inactivity 23.3% 2022 · WHO DTP3 immunisation 97% 2025 · WHO Anaemia in women 15.6% 2023 · WHO Poisoning deaths 1.8 per 100,000 people 2023 · WHO Nurses and midwives 39.6 per 10,000 people 2023 · WHO Dentists 4.51 per 10,000 people 2017 · WHO Life expectancy at birth 78.0 years 2024 · World Bank Life expectancy at birth, women 81.0 years 2024 · World Bank Life expectancy at birth, men 75.2 years 2024 · World Bank Health spending share of GDP 5.9% 2023 · World Bank Under-five mortality rate 5.7 per 1,000 live births 2024 · World Bank Infant mortality rate 4.1 per 1,000 live births 2024 · World Bank Maternal mortality ratio 16 per 100,000 live births 2023 · World Bank Physicians 3.11 per 1,000 people 2022 · World Bank Hospital beds 5.6 per 1,000 people 2023 · World Bank Measles immunisation 95% 2024 · World Bank Tobacco use 22.8% 2024 · World Bank Out-of-pocket health spending 32.2% 2023 · World Bank Health spending per person US$763 per person 2023 · World Bank Diabetes prevalence 11.9% 2024 · World Bank Neonatal mortality rate 2.6 per 1,000 live births 2024 · World Bank Child stunting 4.8% 2017 · World Bank Malaria incidence 0.0 per 1,000 at risk 2024 · World Bank Tuberculosis incidence 49 per 100,000 people 2024 · World Bank

Internet users 91.6% 2025 · World Bank Mobile subscriptions 132 per 100 people 2024 · World Bank Fixed broadband subscriptions 47.2 per 100 people 2024 · World Bank

Industry share of GDP 35.6% 2025 · World Bank New businesses registered 286,640 companies 2024 · World Bank Medium and high-tech manufacturing 41.5% 2024 · World Bank Manufacturing share of GDP 24.7% 2025 · World Bank

Exports share of GDP 21.1% 2025 · World Bank Imports share of GDP 16.9% 2025 · World Bank Trade as a share of GDP 38.0% 2025 · World Bank Foreign direct investment inflows 0.4% 2025 · World Bank Current account balance 3.8% 2025 · World Bank High-technology exports 26.3% 2024 · World Bank

Road traffic deaths 17.4 per 100,000 people 2019 · World Bank Air passengers carried 619,215,886 passengers 2023 · World Bank

Access to electricity 100.0% 2024 · World Bank Clean cooking access 90.0% 2024 · World Bank Renewable energy share 15.2% 2021 · World Bank Fossil electricity share 61.6% 2024 · World Bank Net energy imports 24.0% 2024 · World Bank

Temperature change 1.92e (Estimate) °C 2025 · FAOSTAT Agrifood emissions per person 1.70e (Estimate) t CO2e per person 2024 · FAOSTAT Total greenhouse gas emissions 15,536.1 Mt CO2e 2024 · World Bank Greenhouse gas emissions per person 11.0 t CO2e per person 2024 · World Bank CO2 emissions per person 9.32 t CO2 per person 2024 · World Bank Methane emissions 1,485.3 Mt CO2e 2024 · World Bank Nitrous oxide emissions 423.62 Mt CO2e 2024 · World Bank

PM2.5 air pollution 31.6 µg/m³ 2023 · WHO Forest area 24.0% 2024 · World Bank Protected areas 14.7% 2025 · World Bank PM2.5 air pollution exposure 32.0 µg/m³ 2023 · World Bank Terrestrial protected areas 15.6% 2025 · World Bank

Basic drinking water access 96.1% 2024 · World Bank Basic sanitation access 97.3% 2024 · World Bank Level of water stress 41.5% 2022 · World Bank Renewable internal freshwater per person 1,992 m³ per person 2022 · World Bank Safely managed sanitation 68.9% 2024 · World Bank

Cost of a healthy diet Int$3.64e (Estimate) per person per day 2025 · FAOSTAT Healthy diet unaffordable 11.3%e (Estimate) 2025 · FAOSTAT Pesticide use 1.88e (Estimate) kg/ha 2024 · FAOSTAT Nitrogen fertiliser use 191.8e (Estimate) kg/ha 2024 · FAOSTAT Agriculture share of GDP 6.7% 2025 · World Bank Cereal yield 6,495 kg per hectare 2024 · World Bank Agricultural land 41.7% 2024 · World Bank Capture fisheries production 13,262,322 tonnes 2024 · World Bank Prevalence of undernourishment 2.5% 2024 · World Bank Food production index 115.2 (2014-16 = 100) 2024 · World Bank Fertiliser use 393.3 kg per hectare 2024 · World Bank Land area 9,388,210 km² 2024 · World Bank

Gini index 36.0 (0 to 100) 2022 · World Bank Income share held by the richest 10% 28.4% 2022 · World Bank Extreme poverty rate 0.0% 2022 · World Bank Poverty rate at national poverty lines 0.0% 2020 · World Bank Poverty rate at $4.20 a day (2021 PPP) 0.5% 2022 · World Bank Poverty rate at $8.30 a day (2021 PPP) 21.3% 2022 · World Bank

Tax revenue 7.0% 2024 · World Bank

R&D spending share of GDP 2.58% 2023 · World Bank Researchers per million people 2,107 per million people 2023 · World Bank Scientific and technical journal articles 932,712 articles 2023 · World Bank

Intentional homicides 0.5 per 100,000 people 2020 · World Bank

Women in national parliament 26.5% 2025 · World Bank