Energy import dependency by country, 2024
Net energy imports divided by gross available energy. Values above 100% occur when a country builds up stocks; negative values mean the country is a net exporter.
37 places ranked for 2024. Highest: Malta (98.4%). Lowest: Norway (-677.2%). The median is 53.3%.
Highest 10
- 1. Malta 98.4%
- 2. Luxembourg 91.0%
- 3. Cyprus 87.7%
- 4. Ireland 79.5%
- 5. Moldova 79.3%
- 6. Georgia 78.5%
- 7. Greece 77.7%
- 8. Belgium 75.4%
- 9. Italy 73.9%
- 10. Netherlands 70.6%
Lowest 10
- 37. Norway -677.2%
- 36. Estonia 4.6%
- 35. Iceland 16.8%
- 34. Sweden 26.5%
- 33. Albania 27.1%
- 32. Bosnia and Herzegovina 27.8%
- 31. Latvia 29.3%
- 30. Romania 30.4%
- 29. Montenegro 32.6%
- 28. Finland 33.0%
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Source: Eurostat.
In short
- Among the 37 countries with a value for 2024, the highest is Malta (98.4%) and the lowest Norway (-677.2%).
- Half of the countries are above 53.3% and half below.
- From 2023 to 2024 the value rose in 17 countries and fell in 20.
- The figure for the European Union was 57.3% in 2024, against 60.5% in 2019 (−3.2 percentage points).
Full ranking
| # | Country | Value | Period | Relative size |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Malta | 98.4% | 2024 | |
| 2 | Luxembourg | 91.0% | 2024 | |
| 3 | Cyprus | 87.7% | 2024 | |
| 4 | Ireland | 79.5% | 2024 | |
| 5 | Moldova | 79.3% | 2024 | |
| 6 | Georgia | 78.5% | 2024 | |
| 7 | Greece | 77.7% | 2024 | |
| 8 | Belgium | 75.4% | 2024 | |
| 9 | Italy | 73.9% | 2024 | |
| 10 | Netherlands | 70.6% | 2024 | |
| 11 | Spain | 68.9% | 2024 | |
| 12 | Türkiye | 68.1% | 2024 | |
| 13 | Germany | 66.8% | 2024 | |
| 14 | Lithuania | 66.0% | 2024 | |
| 15 | North Macedonia | 64.8% | 2024 | |
| 16 | Portugal | 64.5% | 2024 | |
| 17 | Croatia | 59.9% | 2024 | |
| 18 | Slovakia | 53.5% | 2024 | |
| 19 | Austria | 53.3% | 2024 | |
| 20 | Hungary | 48.9% | 2024 | |
| 21 | Slovenia | 46.4% | 2024 | |
| 22 | Poland | 45.7% | 2024 | |
| 23 | Bulgaria | 41.9% | 2024 | |
| 24 | France | 41.7% | 2024 | |
| 25 | Serbia | 40.8% | 2024 | |
| 26 | Czechia | 39.3% | 2024 | |
| 27 | Denmark | 38.2% | 2024 | |
| 28 | Finland | 33.0% | 2024 | |
| 29 | Montenegro | 32.6% | 2024 | |
| 30 | Romania | 30.4% | 2024 | |
| 31 | Latvia | 29.3% | 2024 | |
| 32 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 27.8% | 2024 | |
| 33 | Albania | 27.1% | 2024 | |
| 34 | Sweden | 26.5% | 2024 | |
| 35 | Iceland | 16.8% | 2024 | |
| 36 | Estonia | 4.6% | 2024 | |
| 37 | Norway | -677.2% | 2024 |
Places are ordered from the highest to the lowest value. Group medians on this site are the middle value of the members with data for the same year; they are not official aggregates.
How this ranking works
Every country is ranked on its value for 2024, the latest period that most countries have, so all values are for the same point in time. Countries without a value for 2024 are left out. Groups and aggregates such as the European Union are not ranked. Values are as published by Eurostat; the ranking is a plain ordering from the highest to the lowest value and says nothing about whether a high value is good or bad.
Earlier years: use the year selector above. Methodology · Coverage and freshness