Luxembourg

Population on 1 January 681,973 people 2025 · Eurostat Population by age and sex 681,973 people 2025 · Eurostat Crude birth rate 9.4 per 1,000 people 2025 · Eurostat Crude death rate 6.4 per 1,000 people 2025 · Eurostat Total fertility rate 1.25 births per woman 2024 · Eurostat Population aged 65 and over 15.2% 2025 · Eurostat Median age of the population 39.8 years 2025 · Eurostat Old-age dependency ratio 22.0 per 100 working-age people 2025 · Eurostat Natural population change 3.0 per 1,000 people 2025 · Eurostat Population estimates and projections 665,098 people 2023 · UN Population Division Median age estimates and projections 38.9 years 2023 · UN Population Division Fertility rate estimates and projections 1.40 births per woman 2023 · UN Population Division Population growth estimates and projections 1.24% 2023 · UN Population Division Population 686,970 people 2025 · World Bank Population growth 1.46% 2025 · World Bank Population aged 65 and over 15.8% 2025 · World Bank Population aged 0 to 14 15.7% 2025 · World Bank Fertility rate 1.25 births per woman 2024 · World Bank Crude birth rate 9.5 per 1,000 people 2024 · World Bank Crude death rate 6.6 per 1,000 people 2024 · World Bank Urban population share 94.9% 2025 · World Bank Adolescent birth rate 4.0 per 1,000 women aged 15 to 19 2024 · World Bank Age dependency ratio 46.1 per 100 working-age people 2025 · World Bank Population density 263.0 people per km² 2024 · World Bank Urban population growth 1.50% 2025 · World Bank

Immigration 25,725 immigrants 2024 · Eurostat Emigration 16,444 emigrants 2024 · Eurostat Acquisitions of citizenship 5,892 people 2024 · Eurostat First-time asylum applicants 1,770 applicants 2025 · Eurostat Net migration rate 10.1 per 1,000 people 2025 · Eurostat Net migration estimates and projections 8.9 per 1,000 people 2023 · UN Population Division Net migration 5,237 people 2025 · World Bank International migrant stock 51.2% 2024 · World Bank Personal remittances received 2.7% 2025 · World Bank

Unemployment rate, ages 15 to 74 6.5% 2025 · Eurostat Youth unemployment rate, ages 15 to 24 19.4% 2025 · Eurostat Long-term unemployment rate 2.0% 2025 · Eurostat Employment rate, ages 20 to 64 73.6% 2025 · Eurostat Employment rate of women, ages 20 to 64 70.2% 2025 · Eurostat Monthly unemployment rate (seasonally adjusted) 7.3% September 2026 · Eurostat Usual weekly working hours 37.7 hours per week 2025 · Eurostat Part-time employment 18.7% 2025 · Eurostat Monthly youth unemployment 22.0% September 2026 · Eurostat Employment of older workers 48.9% 2025 · Eurostat ILO estimate of the unemployment rate 6.3% 2025 · ILOSTAT ILO estimate of youth unemployment 21.5% 2025 · ILOSTAT Labour force participation 61.5% 2025 · ILOSTAT Women's labour force participation 57.5% 2025 · ILOSTAT Employment-to-population ratio 57.6% 2025 · ILOSTAT OECD monthly unemployment rate 7.3% September 2026 · OECD Employment in agriculture 0.9% 2025 · World Bank Employment in industry 7.6% 2025 · World Bank Employment in services 91.5% 2025 · World Bank

Median equivalised net income €50,046b (Break in time series) per year 2025 · Eurostat Unadjusted gender pay gap -0.8%p (Provisional) 2024 · Eurostat Hourly labour cost €56.8 per hour 2025 · Eurostat Monthly minimum wage €2,771 per month H2 2026 · Eurostat Net annual earnings €55,877 per year 2025 · Eurostat

GDP per capita in euro €132,950p (Provisional) per person 2025 · Eurostat GDP per capita in PPS 242p (Provisional) (EU = 100) 2024 · Eurostat Real GDP growth 1.4%p (Provisional) 2025 · Eurostat GDP in euro 91,342p (Provisional) million € 2025 · Eurostat Quarterly GDP growth (seasonally adjusted) -0.9%p (Provisional) Q2 2026 · Eurostat Labour productivity growth 0.9%p (Provisional) 2025 · Eurostat GDP growth, year on year 1.3%p (Provisional) Q2 2026 · Eurostat GDP in US dollars US$101.2 billion 2025 · World Bank GDP per capita in US dollars US$147,252 per person 2025 · World Bank GDP per capita, PPP Int$127,421 per person 2025 · World Bank GNI per capita, Atlas method US$95,720 per person 2025 · World Bank Real GDP growth 0.6% 2025 · World Bank Services share of GDP 81.4% 2025 · World Bank Investment share of GDP 15.5% 2025 · World Bank Savings share of GDP 13.6% 2025 · World Bank Household consumption per person US$38,321 per person 2025 · World Bank

HICP inflation 2.5% 2025 · Eurostat HICP price index 127.93 (2015 = 100) 2025 · Eurostat Monthly HICP inflation 4.9%e (Estimated) October 2026 · Eurostat Consumer price level index 151 (EU = 100) 2024 · Eurostat Food price inflation (HICP) 2.0% 2025 · Eurostat Energy price inflation (HICP) 0.8% 2025 · Eurostat OECD monthly CPI inflation 2.7% October 2026 · OECD Consumer price inflation 2.3% 2025 · World Bank Consumer price index 136.9 (2010 = 100) 2025 · World Bank Inflation measured by the GDP deflator 3.2% 2025 · World Bank Exchange rate to the US dollar 0.885 per US$ 2025 · World Bank

House price change 1.6% 2025 · Eurostat Housing cost overburden rate 8.1%b (Break in time series) 2025 · Eurostat Overcrowding rate 8.8%b (Break in time series) 2025 · Eurostat Home ownership rate 64.1%b (Break in time series) 2025 · Eurostat Inability to keep home adequately warm 3.5%b (Break in time series) 2025 · Eurostat Average household size 2.3b (Break in time series) people per household 2025 · Eurostat House prices, quarterly -2.2%p (Provisional) Q2 2026 · Eurostat Arrears on utility bills 4.7%b (Break in time series) 2025 · Eurostat Mortgage interest rate 3.55% September 2026 · ECB Slum population 0.0% 2022 · World Bank

NEET rate, ages 15 to 29 8.8% 2025 · Eurostat Tertiary education attainment, ages 25 to 34 65.2% 2025 · Eurostat Early leavers from education and training 5.2%u (Low reliability) 2025 · Eurostat Adult participation in learning 17.4% 2025 · Eurostat ILO estimate of the youth NEET rate 9.4% 2025 · ILOSTAT Primary completion (UIS) 98.3% 2021 · UNESCO UIS Lower secondary completion 96.5% 2021 · UNESCO UIS Upper secondary completion 78.8% 2021 · UNESCO UIS Out-of-school children 0.3%nat_est (National estimate) 2024 · UNESCO UIS Out-of-school adolescents 1.7%nat_est (National estimate) 2024 · UNESCO UIS Out-of-school youth 10.8%nat_est (National estimate) 2024 · UNESCO UIS Primary net enrolment 99.7%nat_est (National estimate) 2024 · UNESCO UIS Education share of public spending 8.5% 2022 · UNESCO UIS Education spending 3.7% 2022 · World Bank Primary school enrolment (gross) 99.2% 2024 · World Bank Tertiary education enrolment (gross) 22.4% 2024 · World Bank Primary school completion rate 76.5% 2024 · World Bank Secondary school enrolment (gross) 108.6% 2024 · World Bank

Life expectancy at birth 83.2 years 2024 · Eurostat Infant mortality rate 5.3 per 1,000 live births 2024 · Eurostat Hospital beds 392 per 100,000 people 2025 · Eurostat Practising physicians 409 per 100,000 people 2024 · Eurostat People reporting good or very good health 74.1%b (Break in time series) 2025 · Eurostat Health spending share of GDP 5.9%p (Provisional) 2025 · Eurostat Practising nurses 1,472 per 100,000 people 2024 · Eurostat Healthy life years at birth 60.2b (Break in time series) years 2022 · Eurostat Life expectancy at age 65 21.1 years 2024 · Eurostat Adults with obesity 16.1% 2019 · Eurostat Daily smokers 11.4% 2019 · Eurostat Life expectancy estimates and projections 82.2 years 2023 · UN Population Division Life expectancy at 65, estimates and projections 21.0 years 2023 · UN Population Division Healthy life expectancy 71.4 years 2023 · WHO UHC service coverage 83 2023 · WHO Alcohol consumption 11.02 litres 2024 · WHO Adult obesity 19.0% 2024 · WHO Hypertension 30.5% 2019 · WHO Suicide rate 9.2 per 100,000 people 2023 · WHO Premature NCD mortality 7.9% 2023 · WHO Physical inactivity 15.5% 2022 · WHO DTP3 immunisation 99% 2025 · WHO Anaemia in women 15.4% 2023 · WHO Poisoning deaths 0.3 per 100,000 people 2023 · WHO Nurses and midwives 137.2 per 10,000 people 2023 · WHO Dentists 9.74 per 10,000 people 2017 · WHO Life expectancy at birth 83.2 years 2024 · World Bank Life expectancy at birth, women 85.5 years 2024 · World Bank Life expectancy at birth, men 81.0 years 2024 · World Bank Health spending share of GDP 5.9% 2024 · World Bank Under-five mortality rate 2.2 per 1,000 live births 2024 · World Bank Infant mortality rate 1.9 per 1,000 live births 2024 · World Bank Maternal mortality ratio 11 per 100,000 live births 2023 · World Bank Physicians 2.98 per 1,000 people 2017 · World Bank Hospital beds 4.0 per 1,000 people 2023 · World Bank Measles immunisation 99% 2024 · World Bank Tobacco use 24.5% 2024 · World Bank Out-of-pocket health spending 8.5% 2024 · World Bank Health spending per person US$8,170 per person 2024 · World Bank Diabetes prevalence 5.8% 2024 · World Bank Neonatal mortality rate 1.5 per 1,000 live births 2024 · World Bank Tuberculosis incidence 8 per 100,000 people 2024 · World Bank HIV incidence 0.14 per 1,000 people aged 15 to 49 2024 · World Bank

Households with internet access 99.1% 2025 · Eurostat Internet use in the last three months 99.1% 2025 · Eurostat Daily internet use 94.5% 2025 · Eurostat Basic digital skills 62.4% 2025 · Eurostat Online shopping 80.1% 2025 · Eurostat ICT specialists in employment 8.7% 2025 · Eurostat Internet users 99.1% 2025 · World Bank Mobile subscriptions 144 per 100 people 2023 · World Bank Fixed broadband subscriptions 40.3 per 100 people 2024 · World Bank

Industrial production 91.3 (2021 = 100) 2025 · Eurostat Enterprise birth rate 8.5% 2024 · Eurostat Monthly industrial production -5.6%p (Provisional) September 2026 · Eurostat Business loan interest rate 2.95% August 2026 · ECB Industry share of GDP 8.9% 2025 · World Bank New businesses registered 9,137 companies 2024 · World Bank Medium and high-tech manufacturing 24.6% 2024 · World Bank Manufacturing share of GDP 3.7% 2025 · World Bank

Exports share of GDP 202.7%p (Provisional) 2025 · Eurostat Imports share of GDP 170.6%p (Provisional) 2025 · Eurostat Current account balance, quarterly -1.8% Q2 2026 · Eurostat Exports share of GDP 190.5% 2025 · World Bank Imports share of GDP 159.4% 2025 · World Bank Trade as a share of GDP 349.9% 2025 · World Bank Foreign direct investment inflows -32.7% 2025 · World Bank Current account balance 0.6% 2025 · World Bank High-technology exports 5.1% 2024 · World Bank

Nights spent in tourist accommodation 3,584,133 nights 2025 · Eurostat Arrivals at tourist accommodation 1,596,230 arrivals 2025 · Eurostat Bed-place occupancy rate in hotels 35.9% 2025 · Eurostat

Car share of passenger transport 80.0%e (Estimated) 2024 · Eurostat Car ownership 668 per 1,000 people 2025 · Eurostat Road traffic deaths 2.7 per 100,000 people 2024 · Eurostat Rail passenger transport 547 million passenger-km 2025 · Eurostat Road share of inland freight transport 85.6% 2024 · Eurostat New zero-emission cars 26.6% 2025 · Eurostat Road traffic deaths 4.1 per 100,000 people 2019 · World Bank Air passengers carried 2,457,683 passengers 2023 · World Bank

Renewable energy share 20.2%p (Provisional) 2025 · Eurostat Renewable electricity share 23.3%p (Provisional) 2025 · Eurostat Energy import dependency 91.0% 2024 · Eurostat Electricity price for households €0.2023 per kWh H1 2026 · Eurostat Natural gas price for households €0.0859 per kWh H1 2026 · Eurostat Primary energy consumption 3.7 Mtoe 2024 · Eurostat Access to electricity 100.0% 2024 · World Bank Clean cooking access 100.0% 2024 · World Bank Renewable energy share 20.5% 2021 · World Bank Fossil electricity share 2.8% 2025 · World Bank Net energy imports 109.8% 2024 · World Bank

Greenhouse gas emissions per person 11.1 t CO2e per person 2024 · Eurostat Total greenhouse gas emissions 7.5 Mt CO2e 2024 · Eurostat Temperature change 2.18e (Estimate) °C 2025 · FAOSTAT Agrifood emissions per person 2.38e (Estimate) t CO2e per person 2024 · FAOSTAT Total greenhouse gas emissions 8.1 Mt CO2e 2024 · World Bank Greenhouse gas emissions per person 11.9 t CO2e per person 2024 · World Bank CO2 emissions per person 10.56 t CO2 per person 2024 · World Bank Methane emissions 0.6 Mt CO2e 2024 · World Bank Nitrous oxide emissions 0.22 Mt CO2e 2024 · World Bank

PM2.5 air pollution 7.0 µg/m³ 2023 · WHO Forest area 34.5% 2024 · World Bank Protected areas 39.1% 2025 · World Bank PM2.5 air pollution exposure 7.4 µg/m³ 2023 · World Bank Terrestrial protected areas 39.1% 2025 · World Bank

Municipal waste generated per person 730 kg per person 2024 · Eurostat Recycling rate of municipal waste 56.5% 2024 · Eurostat Total waste generated per person 12,165 kg per person 2024 · Eurostat Basic drinking water access 100.0% 2024 · World Bank Safely managed drinking water 99.7% 2024 · World Bank Basic sanitation access 97.6% 2024 · World Bank Level of water stress 4.0% 2022 · World Bank Renewable internal freshwater per person 1,531 m³ per person 2022 · World Bank Safely managed sanitation 96.3% 2024 · World Bank

Area under organic farming 7.2% 2024 · Eurostat Cost of a healthy diet Int$3.73e (Estimate) per person per day 2025 · FAOSTAT Healthy diet unaffordable 0.9%e (Estimate) 2025 · FAOSTAT Pesticide use 2.06e (Estimate) kg/ha 2024 · FAOSTAT Nitrogen fertiliser use 60.8e (Estimate) kg/ha 2024 · FAOSTAT Agriculture share of GDP 0.2% 2025 · World Bank Cereal yield 5,208 kg per hectare 2024 · World Bank Agricultural land 51.7% 2024 · World Bank Capture fisheries production 0 tonnes 2024 · World Bank Prevalence of undernourishment 2.5% 2024 · World Bank Food production index 114.7 (2014-16 = 100) 2024 · World Bank Fertiliser use 177.7 kg per hectare 2024 · World Bank Land area 2,574 km² 2024 · World Bank

At-risk-of-poverty rate 14.8%b (Break in time series) 2025 · Eurostat Poverty or social exclusion rate 18.2%b (Break in time series) 2025 · Eurostat Income inequality (Gini) 30.5b (Break in time series) (0 to 100) 2025 · Eurostat Income quintile share ratio (S80/S20) 4.60b (Break in time series) times 2025 · Eurostat Severe material and social deprivation 3.4%b (Break in time series) 2025 · Eurostat Gini index 33.6 (0 to 100) 2023 · World Bank Income share held by the richest 10% 25.0% 2023 · World Bank Extreme poverty rate 0.1% 2023 · World Bank Poverty rate at national poverty lines 17.3% 2021 · World Bank Poverty rate at $4.20 a day (2021 PPP) 0.1% 2023 · World Bank Poverty rate at $8.30 a day (2021 PPP) 0.2% 2023 · World Bank

Government debt 26.0% 2025 · Eurostat Government deficit or surplus -1.8% 2025 · Eurostat Government spending 48.7% 2025 · Eurostat Tax-to-GDP ratio 42.2% 2025 · Eurostat Government spending on health 5.8% 2025 · Eurostat Government spending on education 5.2% 2025 · Eurostat Government spending on social protection 20.7% 2025 · Eurostat Government spending on defence 1.0% 2025 · Eurostat Government debt, quarterly 28.2%p (Provisional) Q2 2026 · Eurostat Tax revenue 28.6% 2024 · World Bank Central government expense 42.2% 2023 · World Bank

R&D spending share of GDP 1.04%p (Provisional) 2025 · Eurostat Researchers as a share of the labour force 1.05% 2024 · Eurostat European patent applications 548.4p (Provisional) per million people 2025 · Eurostat R&D spending share of GDP 1.07% 2023 · World Bank Researchers per million people 5,359 per million people 2023 · World Bank Scientific and technical journal articles 1,176 articles 2023 · World Bank

Intentional homicides 0.30 per 100,000 people 2024 · Eurostat Crime or vandalism in the area 7.4% 2023 · Eurostat Robberies recorded by the police 86.7 per 100,000 people 2023 · Eurostat Burglaries recorded by the police 568.0 per 100,000 people 2024 · Eurostat Thefts recorded by the police 2,712 per 100,000 people 2024 · Eurostat Intentional homicides 1.5 per 100,000 people 2022 · World Bank

Cultural employment 4.6% 2025 · Eurostat Average life satisfaction 7.4b (Break in time series) out of 10 2025 · Eurostat Women in national parliament 35.0% 2025 · World Bank