Energy price inflation (HICP)
The change in the average price level of energy for households (electricity, gas, heating fuels and motor fuels) in the Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices over the year.
36 countries have a value for 2025, the latest period in the data.
Trend over time
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The chart shows a calculation from the published values. The table below keeps the published values.
Annual average rate of change, %. Source: Eurostat. Gaps mean no published value; points are not joined across missing years.
| Period | European Union | Germany | France | Spain |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | -0.6% | -2.3% | -5.4% | 3.1% |
| 2024 | -1.6% | -3.2% | 2.2% | 0.9% |
| 2023 | 0.0% | 5.1% | 5.7% | -16.1% |
| 2022 | 35.2% | 34.7% | 23.8% | 27.6% |
| 2021 | 12.6% | 10.1% | 10.6% | 21.1% |
| 2020 | -6.1% | -4.5% | -6.0% | -9.6% |
| 2019 | 1.2% | 1.4% | 1.8% | -1.2% |
| 2018 | 6.2% | 4.9% | 9.6% | 6.1% |
| 2017 | 4.4% | 3.1% | 6.1% | 8.0% |
| 2016 | -4.7% | -5.4% | -2.6% | -8.6% |
| 2015 | -6.4% | -7.0% | -4.5% | -9.0% |
| 2014 | -1.9% | -2.0% | -0.8% | -0.8% |
| 2013 | 0.3% | 1.8% | 0.9% | 0.0% |
| 2012 | 7.5% | 5.6% | 5.2% | 8.8% |
| 2011 | 11.2% | 10.0% | 12.0% | 15.7% |
| 2010 | 7.4% | 4.0% | 9.7% | 12.5% |
| 2009 | -5.7% | -5.4% | -11.2% | -9.0% |
| 2008 | 10.3% | 9.4% | 10.8% | 11.9% |
| 2007 | 3.0% | 3.8% | 1.8% | 1.7% |
| 2006 | 7.7% | 8.5% | 6.4% | 8.0% |
| 2005 | 9.7% | 10.3% | 9.8% | 9.7% |
| 2004 | 5.3% | 4.1% | 4.7% | 4.8% |
| 2003 | 4.1% | 4.0% | 2.3% | 1.3% |
| 2002 | 1.8% | 0.3% | -1.5% | -0.2% |
| 2001 | 3.6% | 5.7% | -1.5% | -0.7% |
A dash means no value was published for that period.
In short
- Among the 36 countries with a value for 2025, the highest is Türkiye (35.0%) and the lowest Switzerland (-6.8%).
- Half of the countries are above -0.2% and half below.
- From 2024 to 2025 the value rose in 21 countries and fell in 13.
- The figure for the European Union was -0.6% in 2025, against -6.1% in 2020 (+5.5 percentage points).
About this measure
Source and dates
All countries in 2025 Every value is for 2025, so the countries are compared at the same point in time.
- 1 Türkiye 35.0%
- 2 Austria 7.6%
- 3 Romania 7.5%
- 4 Belgium 4.7%
- 5 Croatia 3.3%
- 6 Spain 3.1%
- 7 Iceland 2.7%
- 8 Poland 2.6%
- 9 Norway 2.3%
- 10 Sweden 1.6%
- 11 Lithuania 0.8%
- 12 Luxembourg 0.8%
- 13 Bulgaria 0.5%
- 14 Serbia 0.3%
- 15 Slovakia 0.3%
- 16 Latvia 0.1%
- 17 Malta 0.0%
- 18 Netherlands -0.2%
- 19 Portugal -0.2%
- 20 Ireland -0.3%
- 21 Greece -0.7%
- 22 Kosovo -0.7%
- 23 Hungary -0.8%
- 24 Montenegro -1.0%
- 25 North Macedonia -1.2%
- 26 Denmark -1.3%
- 27 Slovenia -1.6%
- 28 Albania -1.9%
- 29 Germany -2.3%
- 30 Italy -2.3%
- 31 Estonia -2.9%
- 32 Finland -3.8%
- 33 Czechia -4.4%
- 34 Cyprus -5.2%
- 35 France -5.4%
- 36 Switzerland -6.8%
- European Union -0.6%
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Grey: no value for 2025. Colour groups split countries into roughly equal numbers. Boundaries: Natural Earth.