Kazakhstan

Population estimates and projections 20,330,104 people 2023 · UN Population Division Median age estimates and projections 29.5 years 2023 · UN Population Division Fertility rate estimates and projections 3.01 births per woman 2023 · UN Population Division Population growth estimates and projections 1.32% 2023 · UN Population Division Population 20,843,754 people 2025 · World Bank Population growth 1.21% 2025 · World Bank Population aged 65 and over 9.0% 2025 · World Bank Population aged 0 to 14 29.1% 2025 · World Bank Fertility rate 2.98 births per woman 2024 · World Bank Crude birth rate 19.5 per 1,000 people 2024 · World Bank Crude death rate 6.7 per 1,000 people 2024 · World Bank Urban population share 62.4% 2025 · World Bank Adolescent birth rate 17.4 per 1,000 women aged 15 to 19 2024 · World Bank Age dependency ratio 61.7 per 100 working-age people 2025 · World Bank Population density 7.6 people per km² 2024 · World Bank Urban population growth 1.72% 2025 · World Bank

Net migration estimates and projections -0.2 per 1,000 people 2023 · UN Population Division Net migration -8,834 people 2025 · World Bank International migrant stock 10.1% 2024 · World Bank Personal remittances received 0.1% 2025 · World Bank

ILO estimate of the unemployment rate 4.8% 2025 · ILOSTAT ILO estimate of youth unemployment 3.8% 2025 · ILOSTAT Labour force participation 67.8% 2025 · ILOSTAT Women's labour force participation 62.6% 2025 · ILOSTAT Employment-to-population ratio 64.5% 2025 · ILOSTAT Employment in agriculture 11.3% 2025 · World Bank Employment in industry 19.9% 2025 · World Bank Employment in services 68.8% 2025 · World Bank

GDP in US dollars US$306.2 billion 2025 · World Bank GDP per capita in US dollars US$14,692 per person 2025 · World Bank GDP per capita, PPP Int$37,851 per person 2025 · World Bank GNI per capita, Atlas method US$13,740 per person 2025 · World Bank Real GDP growth 6.5% 2025 · World Bank Services share of GDP 57.7% 2025 · World Bank Investment share of GDP 27.2% 2024 · World Bank Savings share of GDP 29.0% 2024 · World Bank Household consumption per person US$6,789 per person 2024 · World Bank

Consumer price inflation 11.4% 2025 · World Bank Consumer price index 347.9 (2010 = 100) 2025 · World Bank Inflation measured by the GDP deflator 9.6% 2025 · World Bank Exchange rate to the US dollar 521.035 per US$ 2025 · World Bank

Slum population 0.8% 2022 · World Bank

ILO estimate of the youth NEET rate 7.8% 2025 · ILOSTAT Primary completion (UIS) 99.5% 2024 · UNESCO UIS Lower secondary completion 98.8% 2024 · UNESCO UIS Upper secondary completion 95.3% 2024 · UNESCO UIS Out-of-school children 7.9% 2025 · UNESCO UIS Out-of-school adolescents 3.7% 2025 · UNESCO UIS Out-of-school youth 0.8% 2024 · UNESCO UIS Primary net enrolment 92.1% 2025 · UNESCO UIS Youth literacy 99.8% 2009 · UNESCO UIS Qualified primary teachers 100.0% 2025 · UNESCO UIS Education share of public spending 22.0% 2024 · UNESCO UIS Education spending 4.9% 2023 · World Bank Primary school enrolment (gross) 97.3% 2025 · World Bank Tertiary education enrolment (gross) 52.9% 2025 · World Bank Adult literacy rate 99.7% 2009 · World Bank Primary school completion rate 98.1% 2025 · World Bank Secondary school enrolment (gross) 97.6% 2025 · World Bank

Life expectancy estimates and projections 74.4 years 2023 · UN Population Division Life expectancy at 65, estimates and projections 16.3 years 2023 · UN Population Division Healthy life expectancy 64.6 years 2023 · WHO UHC service coverage 83 2023 · WHO Alcohol consumption 4.56 litres 2024 · WHO Adult obesity 21.1% 2024 · WHO Hypertension 41.9% 2019 · WHO Suicide rate 18.2 per 100,000 people 2023 · WHO Premature NCD mortality 19.5% 2023 · WHO Physical inactivity 28.4% 2022 · WHO DTP3 immunisation 54% 2025 · WHO Anaemia in women 30.5% 2023 · WHO Poisoning deaths 1.6 per 100,000 people 2023 · WHO Nurses and midwives 66.1 per 10,000 people 2024 · WHO Dentists 2.25 per 10,000 people 2024 · WHO Life expectancy at birth 74.5 years 2024 · World Bank Life expectancy at birth, women 78.5 years 2024 · World Bank Life expectancy at birth, men 70.3 years 2024 · World Bank Health spending share of GDP 3.8% 2023 · World Bank Under-five mortality rate 9.4 per 1,000 live births 2024 · World Bank Infant mortality rate 7.4 per 1,000 live births 2024 · World Bank Maternal mortality ratio 10 per 100,000 live births 2023 · World Bank Physicians 3.75 per 1,000 people 2023 · World Bank Hospital beds 6.5 per 1,000 people 2020 · World Bank Measles immunisation 93% 2024 · World Bank Tobacco use 21.1% 2024 · World Bank Out-of-pocket health spending 27.6% 2023 · World Bank Health spending per person US$490 per person 2023 · World Bank Diabetes prevalence 6.8% 2024 · World Bank Neonatal mortality rate 3.9 per 1,000 live births 2024 · World Bank Child stunting 8.0% 2015 · World Bank Malaria incidence 0.0 per 1,000 at risk 2024 · World Bank Tuberculosis incidence 45 per 100,000 people 2024 · World Bank HIV incidence 0.21 per 1,000 people aged 15 to 49 2024 · World Bank

Internet users 93.4% 2024 · World Bank Mobile subscriptions 127 per 100 people 2024 · World Bank Fixed broadband subscriptions 15.3 per 100 people 2024 · World Bank

Industry share of GDP 32.3% 2025 · World Bank New businesses registered 42,707 companies 2024 · World Bank Medium and high-tech manufacturing 21.6% 2024 · World Bank Manufacturing share of GDP 12.7% 2025 · World Bank

Exports share of GDP 31.6% 2024 · World Bank Imports share of GDP 25.6% 2024 · World Bank Trade as a share of GDP 57.2% 2024 · World Bank Foreign direct investment inflows -0.3% 2025 · World Bank Current account balance -4.1% 2025 · World Bank High-technology exports 42.2% 2024 · World Bank

Road traffic deaths 12.7 per 100,000 people 2019 · World Bank Air passengers carried 11,884,241 passengers 2023 · World Bank

Access to electricity 100.0% 2024 · World Bank Clean cooking access 96.0% 2024 · World Bank Renewable energy share 2.0% 2021 · World Bank Fossil electricity share 85.9% 2024 · World Bank Net energy imports -112.4% 2024 · World Bank

Temperature change 3.29e (Estimate) °C 2025 · FAOSTAT Agrifood emissions per person 3.57e (Estimate) t CO2e per person 2024 · FAOSTAT Total greenhouse gas emissions 330.4 Mt CO2e 2024 · World Bank Greenhouse gas emissions per person 16.0 t CO2e per person 2024 · World Bank CO2 emissions per person 12.57 t CO2 per person 2024 · World Bank Methane emissions 57.3 Mt CO2e 2024 · World Bank Nitrous oxide emissions 10.47 Mt CO2e 2024 · World Bank

PM2.5 air pollution 16.5 µg/m³ 2023 · WHO Forest area 1.3% 2024 · World Bank Protected areas 11.8% 2025 · World Bank PM2.5 air pollution exposure 19.6 µg/m³ 2023 · World Bank Terrestrial protected areas 10.1% 2025 · World Bank

Basic drinking water access 97.8% 2024 · World Bank Safely managed drinking water 91.5% 2024 · World Bank Basic sanitation access 97.9% 2024 · World Bank Level of water stress 34.6% 2022 · World Bank Renewable internal freshwater per person 3,212 m³ per person 2022 · World Bank

Cost of a healthy diet Int$3.07e (Estimate) per person per day 2025 · FAOSTAT Healthy diet unaffordable 3.4%e (Estimate) 2025 · FAOSTAT Pesticide use 0.29e (Estimate) kg/ha 2024 · FAOSTAT Nitrogen fertiliser use 2.3e (Estimate) kg/ha 2024 · FAOSTAT Agriculture share of GDP 3.7% 2025 · World Bank Cereal yield 1,530 kg per hectare 2024 · World Bank Agricultural land 79.2% 2024 · World Bank Capture fisheries production 45,025 tonnes 2024 · World Bank Prevalence of undernourishment 2.5% 2024 · World Bank Food production index 134.4 (2014-16 = 100) 2024 · World Bank Fertiliser use 3.8 kg per hectare 2024 · World Bank Land area 2,699,700 km² 2024 · World Bank

Gini index 29.2 (0 to 100) 2021 · World Bank Income share held by the richest 10% 24.8% 2021 · World Bank Extreme poverty rate 0.0% 2021 · World Bank Poverty rate at national poverty lines 5.0% 2024 · World Bank Poverty rate at $4.20 a day (2021 PPP) 0.3% 2021 · World Bank Poverty rate at $8.30 a day (2021 PPP) 15.2% 2021 · World Bank

Tax revenue 11.9% 2023 · World Bank Central government expense 17.4% 2023 · World Bank

R&D spending share of GDP 0.16% 2024 · World Bank Researchers per million people 758 per million people 2024 · World Bank Scientific and technical journal articles 3,819 articles 2023 · World Bank

Intentional homicides 2.6 per 100,000 people 2022 · World Bank

Women in national parliament 18.4% 2025 · World Bank