Total fertility rate by country, 2024
The average number of children a woman would have over her lifetime if she experienced the age-specific fertility rates of the year. About 2.1 is often used as the replacement level in low-mortality countries.
38 places ranked for 2024. Highest: Moldova (1.78 births per woman). Lowest: Malta (1.01 births per woman). The median is 1.42 births per woman.
Highest 10
- 1. Moldova 1.78 births per womane (estimated)
- 2. Montenegro 1.75 births per woman
- 3. Bulgaria 1.72 births per woman
- 4. Georgia 1.69 births per woman
- 5. Albania 1.64 births per woman
- 6. Serbia 1.64 births per woman
- 7. France 1.61 births per womanp (provisional)
- 8. Iceland 1.56 births per woman
- 9. Slovenia 1.52 births per woman
- 10. Türkiye 1.48 births per woman
Lowest 10
- 38. Malta 1.01 births per woman
- 37. Spain 1.10 births per woman
- 36. Lithuania 1.11 births per woman
- 35. Poland 1.14 births per womanep (estimated, provisional)
- 34. Italy 1.18 births per woman
- 33. Estonia 1.18 births per woman
- 32. Latvia 1.24 births per woman
- 31. Greece 1.24 births per woman
- 30. Luxembourg 1.25 births per woman
- 29. Finland 1.25 births per woman
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Source: Eurostat.
In short
- Among the 38 countries with a value for 2024, the highest is Moldova (1.78 births per woman) and the lowest Malta (1.01 births per woman).
- Half of the countries are above 1.42 births per woman and half below.
- From 2023 to 2024 the value rose in 5 countries and fell in 30.
- The figure for the European Union was 1.34 births per woman in 2024, against 1.53 births per woman in 2019 (−12.4%). The source marks a break in the series during this period, so part of the change may come from a change in method.
Full ranking
| # | Country | Value | Period | Relative size |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Moldova | 1.78 births per womane (estimated) | 2024 | |
| 2 | Montenegro | 1.75 births per woman | 2024 | |
| 3 | Bulgaria | 1.72 births per woman | 2024 | |
| 4 | Georgia | 1.69 births per woman | 2024 | |
| 5 | Albania | 1.64 births per woman | 2024 | |
| 6 | Serbia | 1.64 births per woman | 2024 | |
| 7 | France | 1.61 births per womanp (provisional) | 2024 | |
| 8 | Iceland | 1.56 births per woman | 2024 | |
| 9 | Slovenia | 1.52 births per woman | 2024 | |
| 10 | Türkiye | 1.48 births per woman | 2024 | |
| 11 | Denmark | 1.47 births per woman | 2024 | |
| 12 | Ireland | 1.47 births per woman | 2024 | |
| 13 | Croatia | 1.46 births per woman | 2024 | |
| 14 | Slovakia | 1.46 births per woman | 2024 | |
| 15 | Norway | 1.45 births per woman | 2024 | |
| 16 | Belgium | 1.44 births per woman | 2024 | |
| 17 | North Macedonia | 1.44 births per woman | 2024 | |
| 18 | Netherlands | 1.43 births per woman | 2024 | |
| 19 | Sweden | 1.43 births per woman | 2024 | |
| 20 | Hungary | 1.41 births per woman | 2024 | |
| 21 | Portugal | 1.41 births per woman | 2024 | |
| 22 | Romania | 1.39 births per womane (estimated) | 2024 | |
| 23 | Cyprus | 1.38 births per woman | 2024 | |
| 24 | Liechtenstein | 1.37 births per woman | 2024 | |
| 25 | Czechia | 1.36 births per woman | 2024 | |
| 26 | Germany | 1.36 births per woman | 2024 | |
| 27 | Austria | 1.31 births per woman | 2024 | |
| 28 | Switzerland | 1.29 births per woman | 2024 | |
| 29 | Finland | 1.25 births per woman | 2024 | |
| 30 | Luxembourg | 1.25 births per woman | 2024 | |
| 31 | Greece | 1.24 births per woman | 2024 | |
| 32 | Latvia | 1.24 births per woman | 2024 | |
| 33 | Estonia | 1.18 births per woman | 2024 | |
| 34 | Italy | 1.18 births per woman | 2024 | |
| 35 | Poland | 1.14 births per womanep (estimated, provisional) | 2024 | |
| 36 | Lithuania | 1.11 births per woman | 2024 | |
| 37 | Spain | 1.10 births per woman | 2024 | |
| 38 | Malta | 1.01 births per woman | 2024 |
Places are ordered from the highest to the lowest value. Group medians on this site are the middle value of the members with data for the same year; they are not official aggregates.
How this ranking works
Every country is ranked on its value for 2024, the latest period that most countries have, so all values are for the same point in time. Countries without a value for 2024 are left out. Groups and aggregates such as the European Union are not ranked. Values are as published by Eurostat; the ranking is a plain ordering from the highest to the lowest value and says nothing about whether a high value is good or bad.
Earlier years: use the year selector above. Methodology · Coverage and freshness