Inability to keep home adequately warm
People who report that their household cannot afford to keep the home adequately warm, from the EU survey on income and living conditions.
31 countries have a value for 2025, the latest period in the data.
Trend over time
The chart loads when you scroll to it. The table below shows the same data.
The chart shows a calculation from the published values. The table below keeps the published values.
% of population. Source: Eurostat. Gaps mean no published value; points are not joined across missing years.
| Period | European Union | Germany | France | Spain |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 8.8% | 5.7% | 11.5% | 15.9% |
| 2024 | 9.2% | 6.3% | 11.8% | 17.5% |
| 2023 | 10.6% | 8.2% | 12.1% | 20.8% |
| 2022 | 9.3% | 6.7% | 10.7%b (break in time series) | 17.1% |
| 2021 | 6.9% | 3.3% | 6.0% | 14.2% |
| 2020 | 7.5% | 7.0%b (break in time series) | 6.7%b (break in time series) | 10.9% |
| 2019 | 6.9% | 2.5% | 6.2% | 7.5% |
| 2018 | 7.6%e (estimated) | 2.7% | 5.0% | 9.1% |
| 2017 | 8.1%e (estimated) | 3.3% | 4.9% | 8.0% |
| 2016 | 9.0%e (estimated) | 3.7% | 5.0% | 10.1% |
| 2015 | 9.6%e (estimated) | 4.1% | 5.5% | 10.6% |
| 2014 | 10.4%e (estimated) | 4.9% | 5.9% | 11.1% |
| 2013 | 10.8%e (estimated) | 5.3% | 6.6% | 8.0% |
| 2012 | 11.2%e (estimated) | 4.7% | 6.0% | 9.1% |
| 2011 | 10.3%e (estimated) | 5.2% | 6.0% | 6.5% |
| 2010 | 9.9%e (estimated) | 5.0% | 5.7% | 7.5% |
| 2009 | – | 5.5% | 5.5% | 7.2%b (break in time series) |
| 2008 | – | 5.9% | 5.3% | 5.9% |
| 2007 | – | 5.4% | 4.6% | 8.0% |
| 2006 | – | 5.5% | 5.9% | 10.1% |
| 2005 | – | 4.6% | 5.3% | 9.4% |
| 2004 | – | – | 5.9% | 9.5% |
Flags: b break in time series; e estimated . A dash means no value was published.
In short
- Among the 31 countries with a value for 2025, the highest is Albania (33.6%) and the lowest Norway (1.7%).
- Half of the countries are above 5.8% and half below.
- From 2024 to 2025 the value rose in 6 countries and fell in 22.
- The figure for the European Union was 8.8% in 2025, against 7.5% in 2020 (+1.3 percentage points).
About this measure
Source and dates
All countries in 2025 Every value is for 2025, so the countries are compared at the same point in time.
- 1 Albania 33.6%
- 2 Türkiye 19.5%
- 3 Greece 18.1%
- 4 Lithuania 16.7%p (provisional)
- 5 Bulgaria 16.1%
- 6 Spain 15.9%
- 7 Portugal 15.6%
- 8 Romania 11.9%
- 9 France 11.5%
- 10 Cyprus 11.3%
- 11 Serbia 9.3%
- 12 Italy 8.6%
- 13 Slovakia 8.1%
- 14 Malta 7.6%
- 15 Netherlands 6.6%
- 16 Hungary 5.8%
- 17 Germany 5.7%
- 18 Sweden 4.7%
- 19 Denmark 4.5%
- 20 Ireland 4.5%
- 21 Latvia 4.3%
- 22 Belgium 4.2%
- 23 Croatia 4.2%
- 24 Czechia 4.1%
- 25 Austria 4.0%
- 26 Slovenia 3.6%
- 27 Luxembourg 3.5%b (break in time series)
- 28 Poland 3.2%
- 29 Estonia 3.1%
- 30 Finland 2.6%
- 31 Norway 1.7%
- European Union 8.8%
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Related measures
- Housing cost overburden rateEurostat
- At-risk-of-poverty rateEurostat
In this topic
Map
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Grey: no value for 2025. Colour groups split countries into roughly equal numbers. Boundaries: Natural Earth.