Unemployment rate, ages 15 to 74
Unemployed people aged 15 to 74 as a share of the labour force of the same age. The labour force is everyone who is employed or unemployed. People without a job who are not looking for one, or cannot start work, are outside it.
Trend over time
The chart loads when you scroll to it. The table below shows the same data.
The chart shows a calculation from the published values. The table below keeps the published values.
% of the labour force. Source: Eurostat. Gaps mean no published value; points are not joined across missing years.
| Period | European Union | Germany | France | Spain |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 6.0% | 3.8% | 7.7%d (definition differs (see metadata)) | 10.5%d (definition differs (see metadata)) |
| 2024 | 6.0% | 3.5% | 7.4%d (definition differs (see metadata)) | 11.4%d (definition differs (see metadata)) |
| 2023 | 6.1% | 3.1% | 7.4%d (definition differs (see metadata)) | 12.2%d (definition differs (see metadata)) |
| 2022 | 6.2% | 3.1% | 7.3%d (definition differs (see metadata)) | 13.0%d (definition differs (see metadata)) |
| 2021 | 7.1% | 3.6% | 7.9%d (definition differs (see metadata)) | 14.9%d (definition differs (see metadata)) |
| 2020 | 7.2% | 3.6%b (break in time series) | 8.1% | 15.5% |
| 2019 | 6.8% | 2.9% | 8.5% | 14.1% |
| 2018 | 7.4% | 3.2% | 9.1% | 15.3% |
| 2017 | 8.3% | 3.5% | 9.4% | 17.2% |
| 2016 | 9.3% | 3.9% | 10.1% | 19.6% |
| 2015 | 10.2% | 4.4% | 10.4% | 22.1% |
| 2014 | 11.0% | 4.7% | 10.3% | 24.5% |
| 2013 | 11.6% | 4.9% | 10.3% | 26.1% |
| 2012 | 11.1% | 5.1% | 9.8% | 24.8% |
| 2011 | 10.1% | 5.5%b (break in time series) | 9.2% | 21.4% |
| 2010 | 10.1% | 6.6%b (break in time series) | 9.3% | 19.9% |
| 2009 | 9.3% | 7.3% | 9.1% | 17.9% |
| 2008 | – | – | 7.4% | – |
| 2007 | – | – | 8.0% | – |
| 2006 | – | – | 8.9% | – |
| 2005 | – | – | 8.9% | – |
| 2004 | – | – | 8.9% | – |
| 2003 | – | – | 8.5% | – |
Flags: b break in time series; d definition differs (see metadata) . A dash means no value was published.
About this measure
Before comparing
- The denominator is the labour force, not the whole population.
Source and dates
Latest value for each country Each value is the country's most recent figure. Years differ, so check the period beside each value before comparing.
- 1 Montenegro 17.9%2020
- 2 Bosnia and Herzegovina 12.2%2025
- 3 North Macedonia 11.5%2025
- 4 Spain 10.5%d (Definition differs)2025
- 5 Finland 9.7%2025
- 6 Greece 8.9%2025
- 7 Sweden 8.8%2025
- 8 Serbia 8.7%2025
- 9 Türkiye 8.4%2025
- 10 France 7.7%d (Definition differs)2025
- 11 Estonia 7.5%2025
- 12 Latvia 6.9%2025
- 13 Lithuania 6.9%2025
- 14 Luxembourg 6.5%2025
- 15 Denmark 6.4%2025
- 16 Belgium 6.2%2025
- 17 Italy 6.1%2025
- 18 Romania 6.1%2025
- 19 Portugal 6.0%2025
- 20 Austria 5.7%2025
- 21 Slovakia 5.4%2025
- 22 Croatia 4.9%2025
- 23 Switzerland 4.9%2025
- 24 Ireland 4.7%2025
- 25 Iceland 4.5%2025
- 26 Norway 4.5%2025
- 27 Cyprus 4.4%2025
- 28 Hungary 4.4%2025
- 29 Netherlands 3.9%2025
- 30 Slovenia 3.9%2025
- 31 Germany 3.8%2025
- 32 Bulgaria 3.5%2025
- 33 Malta 3.1%2025
- 34 Poland 3.1%2025
- 35 Czechia 2.8%2025
- European Union 6.0%2025
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Grey: no value. Colour groups split countries into roughly equal numbers. Boundaries: Natural Earth.