Net migration estimates and projections by country, 2023
Immigrants minus emigrants during the year per 1,000 people. UN estimates up to 2023 and medium-variant projections from 2024, which assume migration patterns change slowly.
216 places ranked for 2023. Highest: South Sudan (39.6 per 1,000 people). Lowest: Saint Martin (French part) (-61.7 per 1,000 people). The median is -0.1 per 1,000 people.
Highest 10
- 1. South Sudan 39.6 per 1,000 people
- 2. Syria 32.1 per 1,000 people
- 3. Oman 31.0 per 1,000 people
- 4. United Arab Emirates 28.2 per 1,000 people
- 5. Chad 25.7 per 1,000 people
- 6. Armenia 25.5 per 1,000 people
- 7. Montenegro 18.9 per 1,000 people
- 8. Gibraltar 17.9 per 1,000 people
- 9. Lithuania 15.7 per 1,000 people
- 10. British Virgin Islands 15.1 per 1,000 people
Lowest 10
- 216. Saint Martin (French part) -61.7 per 1,000 people
- 215. Marshall Islands -47.2 per 1,000 people
- 214. Tuvalu -32.9 per 1,000 people
- 213. Northern Mariana Islands -29.3 per 1,000 people
- 212. Sudan -27.0 per 1,000 people
- 211. American Samoa -24.4 per 1,000 people
- 210. Tonga -20.8 per 1,000 people
- 209. Kosovo -16.9 per 1,000 people
- 208. Greece -15.6 per 1,000 people
- 207. Nepal -13.8 per 1,000 people
The chart loads when you scroll to it.
The chart shows the 40 highest values; the table lists all 216. Source: United Nations, DESA, Population Division (2024). World Population Prospects 2024.
In short
- Among the 216 countries with a value for 2023, the highest is South Sudan (39.6 per 1,000 people) and the lowest Saint Martin (French part) (-61.7 per 1,000 people).
- Half of the countries are above -0.1 per 1,000 people and half below.
- From 2022 to 2023 the value rose in 86 countries and fell in 119.
Full ranking
| # | Country | Value | Period | Relative size |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | South Sudan | 39.6 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 2 | Syria | 32.1 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 3 | Oman | 31.0 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 4 | United Arab Emirates | 28.2 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 5 | Chad | 25.7 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 6 | Armenia | 25.5 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 7 | Montenegro | 18.9 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 8 | Gibraltar | 17.9 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 9 | Lithuania | 15.7 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 10 | British Virgin Islands | 15.1 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 11 | Seychelles | 14.1 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 12 | Qatar | 13.4 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 13 | Sint Maarten (Dutch part) | 13.3 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 14 | Andorra | 13.1 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 15 | Bahrain | 12.7 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 16 | Cayman Islands | 12.6 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 17 | Malta | 12.4 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 18 | Macao SAR, China | 12.3 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 19 | Iceland | 11.9 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 20 | Canada | 11.0 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 21 | Faroe Islands | 10.9 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 22 | Kuwait | 10.3 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 23 | Saudi Arabia | 9.8 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 24 | Norway | 9.7 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 25 | Luxembourg | 8.9 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 26 | Ireland | 8.4 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 27 | Netherlands | 8.0 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 28 | Germany | 7.2 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 29 | Finland | 6.8 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 30 | United Kingdom | 6.5 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 31 | Cyprus | 6.5 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 32 | Puerto Rico (US) | 6.1 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 33 | Liechtenstein | 5.4 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 34 | Australia | 5.3 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 35 | Sweden | 5.2 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 36 | Denmark | 5.2 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 37 | Malaysia | 5.2 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 38 | Switzerland | 5.1 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 39 | Hungary | 5.1 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 40 | Singapore | 4.7 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 41 | Latvia | 4.2 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 42 | Estonia | 4.2 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 43 | Turks and Caicos Islands | 4.2 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 44 | New Zealand | 4.1 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 45 | Namibia | 3.9 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 46 | United States | 3.9 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 47 | South Africa | 3.6 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 48 | Belgium | 3.6 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 49 | Chile | 3.2 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 50 | Colombia | 3.0 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 51 | Iran | 2.9 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 52 | Curaçao | 2.8 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 53 | Portugal | 2.8 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 54 | Egypt | 2.7 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 55 | Croatia | 2.6 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 56 | Italy | 2.5 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 57 | Slovenia | 2.5 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 58 | Somalia, Fed. Rep. | 2.5 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 59 | Bahamas | 2.5 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 60 | Spain | 2.5 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 61 | Isle of Man | 2.3 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 62 | Monaco | 2.3 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 63 | Equatorial Guinea | 2.2 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 64 | Solomon Islands | 2.0 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 65 | Turkmenistan | 2.0 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 66 | South Korea | 1.7 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 67 | New Caledonia | 1.7 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 68 | Panama | 1.6 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 69 | Belize | 1.4 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 70 | Trinidad and Tobago | 1.4 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 71 | Japan | 1.4 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 72 | France | 1.4 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 73 | Aruba | 1.4 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 74 | Israel | 1.1 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 75 | Slovakia | 0.9 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 76 | Kyrgyzstan | 0.8 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 77 | Bulgaria | 0.8 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 78 | Peru | 0.7 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 79 | Serbia | 0.6 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 80 | Mauritania | 0.6 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 81 | Austria | 0.5 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 82 | Georgia | 0.5 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 83 | Zambia | 0.5 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 84 | Djibouti | 0.4 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 85 | Gabon | 0.4 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 86 | Bhutan | 0.4 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 87 | Thailand | 0.3 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 88 | Costa Rica | 0.2 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 89 | Côte d'Ivoire | 0.2 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 90 | Russia | 0.2 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 91 | Burundi | 0.1 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 92 | Argentina | 0.1 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 93 | Niger | 0.0 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 94 | Antigua and Barbuda | 0.0 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 95 | Bermuda | 0.0 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 96 | Brunei | 0.0 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 97 | Mongolia | 0.0 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 98 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 0.0 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 99 | Saint Lucia | 0.0 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 100 | Vanuatu | 0.0 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 101 | Benin | 0.0 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 102 | Angola | 0.0 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 103 | Madagascar | 0.0 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 104 | North Korea | -0.1 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 105 | Papua New Guinea | -0.1 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 106 | Ethiopia | -0.1 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 107 | Iraq | -0.1 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 108 | Indonesia | -0.1 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 109 | Yemen | -0.1 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 110 | Democratic Republic of the Congo | -0.1 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 111 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | -0.2 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 112 | Republic of the Congo | -0.2 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 113 | Uzbekistan | -0.2 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 114 | Cameroon | -0.2 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 115 | Kenya | -0.2 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 116 | Poland | -0.2 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 117 | Togo | -0.2 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 118 | Kazakhstan | -0.2 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 119 | Bolivia | -0.2 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 120 | Nigeria | -0.3 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 121 | Libya | -0.3 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 122 | Malawi | -0.3 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 123 | Guinea | -0.3 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 124 | Barbados | -0.3 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 125 | Ghana | -0.3 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 126 | Belarus | -0.3 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 127 | China | -0.4 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 128 | Uruguay | -0.4 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 129 | Hong Kong SAR, China | -0.5 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 130 | Sierra Leone | -0.5 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 131 | Honduras | -0.5 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 132 | Guatemala | -0.5 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 133 | Senegal | -0.6 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 134 | Algeria | -0.6 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 135 | Tanzania | -0.6 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 136 | Rwanda | -0.6 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 137 | Myanmar | -0.6 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 138 | Guinea-Bissau | -0.7 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 139 | India | -0.7 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 140 | Mexico | -0.8 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 141 | Viet Nam | -0.8 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 142 | Liberia | -0.9 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 143 | Morocco | -1.1 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 144 | Palau | -1.1 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 145 | Mozambique | -1.1 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 146 | Burkina Faso | -1.1 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 147 | Gambia | -1.1 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 148 | Brazil | -1.1 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 149 | Tunisia | -1.1 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 150 | Nicaragua | -1.2 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 151 | Afghanistan | -1.2 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 152 | Sri Lanka | -1.2 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 153 | Ecuador | -1.2 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 154 | Laos | -1.3 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 155 | Czechia | -1.4 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 156 | Philippines | -1.4 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 157 | Romania | -1.5 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 158 | Jordan | -1.5 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 159 | Suriname | -1.6 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 160 | Grenada | -1.6 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 161 | Mali | -1.7 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 162 | Paraguay | -1.8 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 163 | Cambodia | -1.8 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 164 | Tajikistan | -1.9 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 165 | Cuba | -2.1 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 166 | Mauritius | -2.2 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 167 | Lesotho | -2.2 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 168 | Cabo Verde | -2.3 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 169 | Comoros | -2.4 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 170 | São Tomé and Príncipe | -2.6 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 171 | Uganda | -2.6 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 172 | Botswana | -2.6 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 173 | Haiti | -2.7 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 174 | Central African Republic | -2.8 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 175 | Dominica | -3.0 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 176 | Guam | -3.0 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 177 | North Macedonia | -3.1 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 178 | Dominican Republic | -3.1 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 179 | Bangladesh | -3.2 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 180 | Jamaica | -3.5 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 181 | Fiji | -3.6 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 182 | Türkiye | -3.6 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 183 | Kiribati | -3.7 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 184 | El Salvador | -3.7 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 185 | Venezuela | -4.0 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 186 | Timor-Leste | -4.1 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 187 | Eritrea | -4.4 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 188 | West Bank and Gaza | -4.6 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 189 | French Polynesia | -4.8 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 190 | US Virgin Islands | -5.2 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 191 | Maldives | -5.5 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 192 | San Marino | -5.6 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 193 | Greenland | -5.7 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 194 | Lebanon | -5.9 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 195 | Zimbabwe | -6.0 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 196 | Moldova | -6.1 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 197 | Pakistan | -6.5 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 198 | Eswatini | -6.9 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 199 | Guyana | -7.5 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 200 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | -7.7 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 201 | Ukraine | -8.0 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 202 | Azerbaijan | -8.2 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 203 | Albania | -9.0 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 204 | Micronesia | -10.1 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 205 | Naoero | -12.5 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 206 | Samoa | -13.0 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 207 | Nepal | -13.8 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 208 | Greece | -15.6 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 209 | Kosovo | -16.9 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 210 | Tonga | -20.8 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 211 | American Samoa | -24.4 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 212 | Sudan | -27.0 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 213 | Northern Mariana Islands | -29.3 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 214 | Tuvalu | -32.9 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 215 | Marshall Islands | -47.2 per 1,000 people | 2023 | |
| 216 | Saint Martin (French part) | -61.7 per 1,000 people | 2023 |
Places are ordered from the highest to the lowest value. Group medians on this site are the middle value of the members with data for the same year; they are not official aggregates.
How this ranking works
Every country is ranked on its value for 2023, the latest period that most countries have, so all values are for the same point in time. Countries without a value for 2023 are left out. Groups and aggregates such as the European Union are not ranked. Values are as published by UN Population Division; the ranking is a plain ordering from the highest to the lowest value and says nothing about whether a high value is good or bad.
Earlier years: use the year selector above. Methodology · Coverage and freshness