Eritrea

Population estimates and projections 3,470,390 people 2023 · UN Population Division Median age estimates and projections 18.7 years 2023 · UN Population Division Fertility rate estimates and projections 3.71 births per woman 2023 · UN Population Division Population growth estimates and projections 1.81% 2023 · UN Population Division Population 3,607,003 people 2025 · World Bank Population growth 2.00% 2025 · World Bank Population aged 65 and over 4.3% 2025 · World Bank Population aged 0 to 14 37.6% 2025 · World Bank Fertility rate 3.68 births per woman 2024 · World Bank Crude birth rate 28.7 per 1,000 people 2024 · World Bank Crude death rate 6.0 per 1,000 people 2024 · World Bank Urban population share 34.5% 2025 · World Bank Adolescent birth rate 65.2 per 1,000 women aged 15 to 19 2024 · World Bank Age dependency ratio 72.0 per 100 working-age people 2025 · World Bank Population density 29.3 people per km² 2024 · World Bank Urban population growth 2.01% 2025 · World Bank

Net migration estimates and projections -4.4 per 1,000 people 2023 · UN Population Division Net migration -6,698 people 2025 · World Bank International migrant stock 0.4% 2024 · World Bank Personal remittances received 0.5% 2000 · World Bank

ILO estimate of the unemployment rate 6.0% 2025 · ILOSTAT ILO estimate of youth unemployment 10.2% 2025 · ILOSTAT Labour force participation 78.3% 2025 · ILOSTAT Women's labour force participation 72.8% 2025 · ILOSTAT Employment-to-population ratio 73.7% 2025 · ILOSTAT Employment in agriculture 55.5% 2025 · World Bank Employment in industry 12.7% 2025 · World Bank Employment in services 31.8% 2025 · World Bank

GDP in US dollars US$2.1 billion 2011 · World Bank GDP per capita in US dollars US$689 per person 2011 · World Bank GNI per capita, Atlas method US$650 per person 2011 · World Bank Real GDP growth 8.7% 2011 · World Bank Investment share of GDP 12.6% 2011 · World Bank Savings share of GDP 15.8% 2000 · World Bank

Inflation measured by the GDP deflator 19.5% 2011 · World Bank Exchange rate to the US dollar 15.075 per US$ 2025 · World Bank

Slum population 48.7% 2022 · World Bank

ILO estimate of the youth NEET rate 25.8% 2025 · ILOSTAT Out-of-school children 40.4% 2022 · UNESCO UIS Out-of-school adolescents 37.1% 2022 · UNESCO UIS Out-of-school youth 43.8% 2022 · UNESCO UIS Primary net enrolment 59.6% 2022 · UNESCO UIS Youth literacy 87.0% 2008 · UNESCO UIS Qualified primary teachers 76.9% 2022 · UNESCO UIS Education share of public spending 5.4% 2006 · UNESCO UIS Education spending 2.1% 2006 · World Bank Primary school enrolment (gross) 89.7% 2022 · World Bank Tertiary education enrolment (gross) 3.2% 2016 · World Bank Adult literacy rate 64.7% 2008 · World Bank Primary school completion rate 61.3% 2022 · World Bank Secondary school enrolment (gross) 44.0% 2022 · World Bank

Life expectancy estimates and projections 68.6 years 2023 · UN Population Division Life expectancy at 65, estimates and projections 14.8 years 2023 · UN Population Division Healthy life expectancy 56.4 years 2023 · WHO UHC service coverage 40 2023 · WHO Alcohol consumption 0.96 litres 2024 · WHO Adult obesity 4.3% 2024 · WHO Hypertension 23.7% 2019 · WHO Suicide rate 25.8 per 100,000 people 2023 · WHO Premature NCD mortality 23.9% 2023 · WHO Physical inactivity 10.7% 2022 · WHO DTP3 immunisation 96% 2025 · WHO Anaemia in women 35.6% 2023 · WHO Poisoning deaths 2.7 per 100,000 people 2023 · WHO Nurses and midwives 15.2 per 10,000 people 2023 · WHO Dentists 0.20 per 10,000 people 2022 · WHO Life expectancy at birth 68.9 years 2024 · World Bank Life expectancy at birth, women 70.9 years 2024 · World Bank Life expectancy at birth, men 66.8 years 2024 · World Bank Health spending share of GDP 3.7% 2023 · World Bank Under-five mortality rate 34.3 per 1,000 live births 2024 · World Bank Infant mortality rate 24.7 per 1,000 live births 2024 · World Bank Maternal mortality ratio 291 per 100,000 live births 2023 · World Bank Physicians 0.09 per 1,000 people 2022 · World Bank Hospital beds 1.0 per 1,000 people 2023 · World Bank Measles immunisation 93% 2024 · World Bank Out-of-pocket health spending 48.4% 2023 · World Bank Health spending per person US$28 per person 2023 · World Bank Diabetes prevalence 4.4% 2024 · World Bank Neonatal mortality rate 15.6 per 1,000 live births 2024 · World Bank Child stunting 52.5% 2010 · World Bank Malaria incidence 102.4 per 1,000 at risk 2024 · World Bank Tuberculosis incidence 115 per 100,000 people 2024 · World Bank HIV incidence 0.18 per 1,000 people aged 15 to 49 2024 · World Bank

Internet users 14.3% 2020 · World Bank Mobile subscriptions 59 per 100 people 2022 · World Bank Fixed broadband subscriptions 0.2 per 100 people 2022 · World Bank

Industry share of GDP 21.8% 2009 · World Bank Medium and high-tech manufacturing 7.9% 2024 · World Bank Manufacturing share of GDP 5.5% 2009 · World Bank

Exports share of GDP 18.2% 2011 · World Bank Imports share of GDP 29.2% 2011 · World Bank Trade as a share of GDP 47.4% 2011 · World Bank Foreign direct investment inflows 0.3% 2011 · World Bank Current account balance -14.8% 2000 · World Bank

Road traffic deaths 37.9 per 100,000 people 2019 · World Bank Air passengers carried 45,104 passengers 2020 · World Bank

Access to electricity 55.3% 2024 · World Bank Clean cooking access 21.0% 2024 · World Bank Renewable energy share 80.7% 2021 · World Bank Fossil electricity share 90.0% 2024 · World Bank Net energy imports 34.8% 2004 · World Bank

Temperature change 0.30e (Estimate) °C 2022 · FAOSTAT Agrifood emissions per person 2.10e (Estimate) t CO2e per person 2024 · FAOSTAT Total greenhouse gas emissions 6.6 Mt CO2e 2024 · World Bank Greenhouse gas emissions per person 1.9 t CO2e per person 2024 · World Bank CO2 emissions per person 0.22 t CO2 per person 2024 · World Bank Methane emissions 4.5 Mt CO2e 2024 · World Bank Nitrous oxide emissions 1.28 Mt CO2e 2024 · World Bank

PM2.5 air pollution 23.8 µg/m³ 2023 · WHO Forest area 12.0% 2024 · World Bank Protected areas 0.0% 2025 · World Bank PM2.5 air pollution exposure 33.7 µg/m³ 2023 · World Bank Terrestrial protected areas 0.0% 2025 · World Bank

Basic drinking water access 51.8% 2016 · World Bank Basic sanitation access 11.9% 2016 · World Bank Level of water stress 11.2% 2022 · World Bank Renewable internal freshwater per person 821 m³ per person 2022 · World Bank

Pesticide use 0.04e (Estimate) kg/ha 2024 · FAOSTAT Nitrogen fertiliser use 2.4e (Estimate) kg/ha 2024 · FAOSTAT Agriculture share of GDP 14.1% 2009 · World Bank Cereal yield 638 kg per hectare 2024 · World Bank Agricultural land 62.8% 2024 · World Bank Capture fisheries production 2,459 tonnes 2024 · World Bank Food production index 107.0 (2014-16 = 100) 2024 · World Bank Fertiliser use 2.4 kg per hectare 2024 · World Bank Land area 120,800 km² 2024 · World Bank

Scientific and technical journal articles 29 articles 2023 · World Bank

Intentional homicides 15.6 per 100,000 people 2012 · World Bank

Women in national parliament 22.0% 2019 · World Bank