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R&D spending share of GDP in Türkiye

Spending on research and development in Türkiye was equal to 1.42% of GDP in 2023. The value for 2023 is the highest in the series, which starts in 1996.

Measure: Research and development expenditure (UNESCO) Unit: % of GDP Data: 1996 to 2023 Source: World Bank
Türkiye, 2023 1.42% % of GDP
Change from 2022 +0.10percentage points 2022: 1.32%
World, 2023 2.60% Official aggregate
Median of OECD (38 countries), 2023 1.84% Middle value of 35 countries
Position in 2023 29th of 84 See the full ranking

R&D spending share of GDP in Türkiye over time

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Türkiye World ×

% of GDP. Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators. Gaps mean no published value; points are not joined across missing years.

Research and development expenditure (UNESCO) (% of GDP), 2000 to 2023
Period TürkiyeWorld
2023 1.42% 2.60%
2022 1.32% 2.57%
2021 1.40% 2.52%
2020 1.37% 2.46%
2019 1.32% 2.26%
2018 1.27% 2.22%
2017 1.18% 2.14%
2016 1.12% 2.15%
2015 0.97% 2.10%
2014 0.86% 2.09%
2013 0.81% 1.98%
2012 0.83% 2.01%
2011 0.79% 1.98%
2010 0.79% 2.00%
2009 0.80% 2.01%
2008 0.69% 1.98%
2007 0.69% 1.92%
2006 0.55% 1.96%
2005 0.56% 1.95%
2004 0.50% 1.97%
2003 0.47% 2.02%
2002 0.51% 2.03%
2001 0.52% 2.06%
2000 0.47% 2.05%

A dash means no value was published for that period.

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In short

  • That is a change of +0.10 percentage points from 1.32% in 2022.
  • Since 2013, when it was 0.81%, the figure has changed by +0.61 percentage points.
  • Among the 84 countries with data for 2023, Türkiye has the 29th highest value.
  • The figure for the world in 2023 was 2.60%.

More for Türkiye

All statistics for Türkiye
R&D spending share of GDP 1.46% 2024 · Eurostat Researchers per million people 2,645 per million people 2023 · World Bank Researchers as a share of the labour force 0.72% 2024 · Eurostat European patent applications 7.7p (Provisional) per million people 2025 · Eurostat Scientific and technical journal articles 50,180 articles 2023 · World Bank

Source and dates

Original producer
UNESCO Institute for Statistics
Distributed by
World Bank, World Development Indicators
Dataset or series code
GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS · dataset details · view at source
Observation period
1996 to 2023 for Türkiye
Provider update
8 October 2026
Retrieved
9 November 2026
Published here
9 November 2026
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (per series metadata)
Attribution
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators, original data: UNESCO Institute for Statistics