PM2.5 air pollution exposure in Netherlands

People in Netherlands were exposed to an average PM2.5 concentration of 8.6 µg/m³ in 2023. The value for 2023 is the lowest in the series, which starts in 1990.

Measure: Mean annual exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) Unit: Micrograms per cubic metre Data: 1990 to 2023 Source: World Bank
Netherlands, 2023 8.6 Micrograms per cubic metre
Change from 2022 −11.6% 2022: 9.7 µg/m³
European Union, 2023 11.0 µg/m³ Official aggregate
Median of European Union (27 countries), 2023 10.7 µg/m³ Middle value of 27 countries
Position in 2023 165th of 200 See the full ranking

PM2.5 air pollution exposure in Netherlands over time

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Netherlands European Union ×

Micrograms per cubic metre. Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators. Gaps mean no published value; points are not joined across missing years.

Mean annual exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) (micrograms per cubic metre), 1999 to 2023
Period NetherlandsEuropean Union
2023 8.6 µg/m³ 11.0 µg/m³
2022 9.7 µg/m³ 12.2 µg/m³
2021 10.0 µg/m³ 12.1 µg/m³
2020 9.0 µg/m³ 11.4 µg/m³
2019 10.5 µg/m³ 12.1 µg/m³
2018 12.2 µg/m³ 13.8 µg/m³
2017 11.5 µg/m³ 13.8 µg/m³
2016 11.7 µg/m³ 13.5 µg/m³
2015 12.1 µg/m³ 14.4 µg/m³
2014 13.3 µg/m³ 14.4 µg/m³
2013 13.6 µg/m³ 15.1 µg/m³
2012 13.1 µg/m³ 15.6 µg/m³
2011 15.9 µg/m³ 17.5 µg/m³
2010 16.0 µg/m³ 17.2 µg/m³
2009 16.1 µg/m³ 16.9 µg/m³
2008 15.7 µg/m³ 16.7 µg/m³
2007 15.3 µg/m³ 17.1 µg/m³
2006 15.6 µg/m³ 18.2 µg/m³
2005 17.1 µg/m³ 19.8 µg/m³
2004 17.4 µg/m³ 19.3 µg/m³
2003 19.4 µg/m³ 21.9 µg/m³
2002 17.8 µg/m³ 20.8 µg/m³
2001 17.1 µg/m³ 19.7 µg/m³
2000 18.9 µg/m³ 20.9 µg/m³
1999 19.4 µg/m³ 21.3 µg/m³

A dash means no value was published for that period.

In short

  • That is a change of −11.6% from 9.7 µg/m³ in 2022.
  • Since 2013, when it was 13.6 µg/m³, the figure has changed by −37.0%.
  • Among the 200 countries with data for 2023, Netherlands has the 165th highest value.
  • The figure for the European Union in 2023 was 11.0 µg/m³.

More for Netherlands

All statistics for Netherlands

Source and dates

Original producer
Global Burden of Disease Study, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation
Distributed by
World Bank, World Development Indicators
Dataset or series code
EN.ATM.PM25.MC.M3 · dataset details · view at source
Observation period
1990 to 2023 for Netherlands
Provider update
8 October 2026
Retrieved
9 November 2026
Published here
9 November 2026
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (per series metadata)
Attribution
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators, original data: Global Burden of Disease Study, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation