Cuba

Population estimates and projections 11,019,930 people 2023 · UN Population Division Median age estimates and projections 41.7 years 2023 · UN Population Division Fertility rate estimates and projections 1.44 births per woman 2023 · UN Population Division Population growth estimates and projections -0.35% 2023 · UN Population Division Population 10,937,203 people 2025 · World Bank Population growth -0.39% 2025 · World Bank Population aged 65 and over 17.0% 2025 · World Bank Population aged 0 to 14 15.0% 2025 · World Bank Fertility rate 1.45 births per woman 2024 · World Bank Crude birth rate 8.6 per 1,000 people 2024 · World Bank Crude death rate 10.4 per 1,000 people 2024 · World Bank Urban population share 77.2% 2025 · World Bank Adolescent birth rate 48.2 per 1,000 women aged 15 to 19 2024 · World Bank Age dependency ratio 47.2 per 100 working-age people 2025 · World Bank Population density 105.8 people per km² 2024 · World Bank Urban population growth -0.31% 2025 · World Bank

Net migration estimates and projections -2.1 per 1,000 people 2023 · UN Population Division Net migration -22,244 people 2025 · World Bank International migrant stock 0.0% 2024 · World Bank

ILO estimate of the unemployment rate 1.7% 2025 · ILOSTAT ILO estimate of youth unemployment 4.3% 2025 · ILOSTAT Labour force participation 52.2% 2025 · ILOSTAT Women's labour force participation 40.0% 2025 · ILOSTAT Employment-to-population ratio 51.3% 2025 · ILOSTAT Employment in agriculture 15.5% 2025 · World Bank Employment in industry 16.9% 2025 · World Bank Employment in services 67.6% 2025 · World Bank

GDP in US dollars US$107.4 billion 2020 · World Bank GDP per capita in US dollars US$9,605 per person 2020 · World Bank GNI per capita, Atlas method US$9,010 per person 2019 · World Bank Real GDP growth -1.1% 2024 · World Bank Services share of GDP 73.4% 2024 · World Bank Investment share of GDP 24.2% 2024 · World Bank Household consumption per person US$4,443 per person 2024 · World Bank

Inflation measured by the GDP deflator 32.2% 2024 · World Bank Exchange rate to the US dollar 0.822 per US$ 1974 · World Bank

Slum population 11.0% 2022 · World Bank

ILO estimate of the youth NEET rate 11.5% 2025 · ILOSTAT Primary completion (UIS) 99.7% 2019 · UNESCO UIS Lower secondary completion 94.1% 2019 · UNESCO UIS Upper secondary completion 65.3% 2019 · UNESCO UIS Out-of-school children 4.7% 2024 · UNESCO UIS Out-of-school adolescents 7.7% 2024 · UNESCO UIS Out-of-school youth 23.5% 2024 · UNESCO UIS Primary net enrolment 95.3% 2024 · UNESCO UIS Youth literacy 99.6% 2019 · UNESCO UIS Qualified primary teachers 100.0% 2023 · UNESCO UIS Education share of public spending 17.0% 2022 · UNESCO UIS Education spending 8.4% 2022 · World Bank Primary school enrolment (gross) 98.1% 2024 · World Bank Tertiary education enrolment (gross) 43.1% 2024 · World Bank Adult literacy rate 97.7% 2019 · World Bank Primary school completion rate 91.1% 2024 · World Bank Secondary school enrolment (gross) 91.7% 2024 · World Bank

Life expectancy estimates and projections 78.1 years 2023 · UN Population Division Life expectancy at 65, estimates and projections 18.2 years 2023 · UN Population Division Healthy life expectancy 66.2 years 2023 · WHO UHC service coverage 86 2023 · WHO Alcohol consumption 4.00 litres 2024 · WHO Adult obesity 23.0% 2024 · WHO Hypertension 39.9% 2019 · WHO Suicide rate 14.6 per 100,000 people 2023 · WHO Premature NCD mortality 16.4% 2023 · WHO Physical inactivity 63.8% 2022 · WHO DTP3 immunisation 99% 2025 · WHO Anaemia in women 22.2% 2023 · WHO Poisoning deaths 0.1 per 100,000 people 2023 · WHO Nurses and midwives 71.9 per 10,000 people 2022 · WHO Dentists 15.97 per 10,000 people 2022 · WHO Life expectancy at birth 78.3 years 2024 · World Bank Life expectancy at birth, women 80.7 years 2024 · World Bank Life expectancy at birth, men 75.9 years 2024 · World Bank Health spending share of GDP 9.4% 2023 · World Bank Under-five mortality rate 8.6 per 1,000 live births 2024 · World Bank Infant mortality rate 6.8 per 1,000 live births 2024 · World Bank Maternal mortality ratio 35 per 100,000 live births 2023 · World Bank Physicians 9.54 per 1,000 people 2021 · World Bank Hospital beds 4.3 per 1,000 people 2023 · World Bank Measles immunisation 99% 2024 · World Bank Tobacco use 16.1% 2024 · World Bank Out-of-pocket health spending 16.6% 2023 · World Bank Health spending per person US$1,199 per person 2020 · World Bank Diabetes prevalence 9.4% 2024 · World Bank Neonatal mortality rate 4.3 per 1,000 live births 2024 · World Bank Child stunting 7.1% 2019 · World Bank Tuberculosis incidence 11 per 100,000 people 2024 · World Bank HIV incidence 0.35 per 1,000 people aged 15 to 49 2024 · World Bank

Internet users 70.5% 2024 · World Bank Mobile subscriptions 73 per 100 people 2024 · World Bank Fixed broadband subscriptions 3.1 per 100 people 2024 · World Bank

Industry share of GDP 23.8% 2024 · World Bank Medium and high-tech manufacturing 15.6% 2024 · World Bank Manufacturing share of GDP 10.7% 2024 · World Bank

Exports share of GDP 42.5% 2024 · World Bank Imports share of GDP 82.4% 2024 · World Bank Trade as a share of GDP 124.9% 2024 · World Bank Foreign direct investment inflows 0.0% 2020 · World Bank High-technology exports 7.9% 2022 · World Bank

Road traffic deaths 8.9 per 100,000 people 2019 · World Bank Air passengers carried 136,998 passengers 2023 · World Bank

Access to electricity 100.0% 2024 · World Bank Clean cooking access 96.0% 2024 · World Bank Renewable energy share 20.9% 2021 · World Bank Fossil electricity share 96.3% 2024 · World Bank Net energy imports 69.3% 2024 · World Bank

Temperature change 1.40e (Estimate) °C 2025 · FAOSTAT Agrifood emissions per person 1.35e (Estimate) t CO2e per person 2024 · FAOSTAT Total greenhouse gas emissions 36.0 Mt CO2e 2024 · World Bank Greenhouse gas emissions per person 3.3 t CO2e per person 2024 · World Bank CO2 emissions per person 1.91 t CO2 per person 2024 · World Bank Methane emissions 11.8 Mt CO2e 2024 · World Bank Nitrous oxide emissions 2.54 Mt CO2e 2024 · World Bank

PM2.5 air pollution 12.2 µg/m³ 2023 · WHO Forest area 34.9% 2024 · World Bank Protected areas 6.9% 2025 · World Bank PM2.5 air pollution exposure 9.4 µg/m³ 2023 · World Bank Terrestrial protected areas 15.6% 2025 · World Bank

Basic drinking water access 95.1% 2024 · World Bank Basic sanitation access 94.8% 2024 · World Bank Level of water stress 23.9% 2022 · World Bank Renewable internal freshwater per person 3,447 m³ per person 2022 · World Bank Safely managed sanitation 45.9% 2024 · World Bank

Pesticide use 0.22e (Estimate) kg/ha 2024 · FAOSTAT Nitrogen fertiliser use 1.5e (Estimate) kg/ha 2024 · FAOSTAT Agriculture share of GDP 1.2% 2024 · World Bank Cereal yield 1,946 kg per hectare 2024 · World Bank Agricultural land 61.7% 2024 · World Bank Capture fisheries production 8,683 tonnes 2024 · World Bank Prevalence of undernourishment 3.5% 2024 · World Bank Food production index 48.2 (2014-16 = 100) 2024 · World Bank Fertiliser use 3.3 kg per hectare 2024 · World Bank Land area 103,800 km² 2024 · World Bank

R&D spending share of GDP 0.44% 2024 · World Bank Researchers per million people 2,171 per million people 2024 · World Bank Scientific and technical journal articles 1,217 articles 2023 · World Bank

Intentional homicides 4.5 per 100,000 people 2019 · World Bank

Women in national parliament 55.7% 2025 · World Bank