Japan vs United Kingdom

Japan and United Kingdom compared on 154 measures that both have. Each pair of values is for the same period, the latest one with data for both countries, so the year can differ from one row to the next.

Where Japan and United Kingdom differ most

  • International migrant stock, 2024: Japan 2.8%, United Kingdom 17.1% (6.1 times as high)
  • Agricultural land, 2024: Japan 12.6%, United Kingdom 69.2% (5.5 times as high)
  • Hospital beds, 2022: Japan 12.6 per 1,000 people, United Kingdom 2.4 per 1,000 people (5.2 times as high)
  • Forest area, 2024: Japan 68.3%, United Kingdom 13.5% (5.1 times as high)
  • Intentional homicides, 2021: Japan 0.2 per 100,000 people, United Kingdom 1.1 per 100,000 people (4.9 times as high)

Measures where one value is the largest multiple of the other, among measures with positive values. Totals such as population, index values and growth rates are left out, because their size says little about the difference.

Population and ageing

MeasureJapanUnited KingdomJapan compared with United KingdomPeriodSource
Population estimates and projections
people
124,370,947 people 68,682,962 people +81.1% 2023 UN Population Division
Median age estimates and projections
years
49.0 years 39.8 years +23.1% 2023 UN Population Division
Fertility rate estimates and projections
live births per woman
1.21 births per woman 1.56 births per woman −22.6% 2023 UN Population Division
Population growth estimates and projections
% per year
-0.48% 0.70% −1.18 percentage points 2023 UN Population Division
Population
people
123,366,734 people 69,487,000 people +77.5% 2025 World Bank
Population growth
annual % change
-0.49% 0.30% −0.79 percentage points 2025 World Bank
Population aged 65 and over
% of total population
30.0% 19.7% +10.3 percentage points 2025 World Bank
Population aged 0 to 14
% of total population
11.2% 17.0% −5.7 percentage points 2025 World Bank
Fertility rate
births per woman
1.15 births per woman 1.55 births per woman −25.9% 2024 World Bank
Crude birth rate
births per 1,000 people
5.7 per 1,000 people 9.9 per 1,000 people −4.2 per 1,000 people 2024 World Bank
Crude death rate
deaths per 1,000 people
13.3 per 1,000 people 9.7 per 1,000 people +3.6 per 1,000 people 2024 World Bank
Urban population share
% of total population
92.3% 83.3% +9.0 percentage points 2025 World Bank
Adolescent birth rate
births per 1,000 women aged 15 to 19
1.6 per 1,000 women aged 15 to 19 7.8 per 1,000 women aged 15 to 19 −6.2 per 1,000 women aged 15 to 19 2024 World Bank
Age dependency ratio
dependants per 100 people aged 15 to 64
70.2 per 100 working-age people 57.9 per 100 working-age people +12.3 per 100 working-age people 2025 World Bank
Population density
people per square kilometre of land
340.1 people per km² 286.4 people per km² +18.8% 2024 World Bank
Urban population growth
annual % change
-0.37% 0.39% −0.77 percentage points 2025 World Bank

Migration and citizenship

MeasureJapanUnited KingdomJapan compared with United KingdomPeriodSource
Net migration estimates and projections
per 1,000 people
1.4 per 1,000 people 6.5 per 1,000 people −5.1 per 1,000 people 2023 UN Population Division
Net migration
people
140,579 people 389,911 people −63.9% 2025 World Bank
International migrant stock
% of population
2.8% 17.1% −14.3 percentage points 2024 World Bank
Personal remittances received
% of GDP
0.1% 0.1% 0 percentage points 2025 World Bank

Employment and occupations

MeasureJapanUnited KingdomJapan compared with United KingdomPeriodSource
Monthly unemployment rate (seasonally adjusted)
% of the labour force
3.0% 4.9% −1.9 percentage points September 2020 Eurostat
Monthly youth unemployment
% of the labour force under 25
4.4% 14.5% −10.1 percentage points September 2020 Eurostat
ILO estimate of the unemployment rate
% of the labour force aged 15 and over
2.5% 4.7% −2.3 percentage points 2025 ILOSTAT
ILO estimate of youth unemployment
% of the labour force aged 15 to 24
3.9% 14.6% −10.7 percentage points 2025 ILOSTAT
Labour force participation
% of working-age population aged 15 and over
63.4% 61.4% +2.1 percentage points 2025 ILOSTAT
Women's labour force participation
% of women aged 15 and over
55.9% 57.3% −1.4 percentage points 2025 ILOSTAT
Employment-to-population ratio
% of population aged 15 and over
61.9% 58.5% +3.4 percentage points 2025 ILOSTAT
OECD monthly unemployment rate
% of the labour force aged 15 and over, seasonally adjusted
2.4% 4.7% −2.3 percentage points July 2026 OECD
Employment in agriculture
% of total employment
2.8% 0.9% +2.0 percentage points 2025 World Bank
Employment in industry
% of total employment
23.2% 15.9% +7.3 percentage points 2025 World Bank
Employment in services
% of total employment
74.0% 83.2% −9.3 percentage points 2025 World Bank

Wages and labour costs

MeasureJapanUnited KingdomJapan compared with United KingdomPeriodSource
Net annual earnings
euro per year
€33,222 per year €35,783 per year −7.2% 2019 Eurostat

Economy and productivity

MeasureJapanUnited KingdomJapan compared with United KingdomPeriodSource
GDP per capita in PPS
index, EU27 (from 2020) = 100
83 (EU = 100) 98 (EU = 100) −15 points 2024 Eurostat
GDP in US dollars
current US dollars
US$4.44 trillion US$4.00 trillion +10.8% 2025 World Bank
GDP per capita in US dollars
current US dollars per person
US$35,951 per person US$57,602 per person −37.6% 2025 World Bank
GDP per capita, PPP
constant 2021 international dollars per person
Int$48,283 per person Int$53,993 per person −10.6% 2025 World Bank
GNI per capita, Atlas method
current US dollars per person
US$38,340 per person US$54,550 per person −29.7% 2025 World Bank
Real GDP growth
annual % change
1.2% 1.4% −0.2 percentage points 2025 World Bank
Services share of GDP
% of GDP
71.4% 72.5% −1.1 percentage points 2024 World Bank
Investment share of GDP
% of GDP
27.7% 19.2% +8.5 percentage points 2024 World Bank
Savings share of GDP
% of GDP
32.1% 16.8% +15.3 percentage points 2024 World Bank
Household consumption per person
constant 2015 US dollars per person
US$19,751 per person US$29,478 per person −33.0% 2024 World Bank

Prices and purchasing power

MeasureJapanUnited KingdomJapan compared with United KingdomPeriodSource
Consumer price level index
index, EU27 (from 2020) = 100
89 (EU = 100) 129 (EU = 100) −40 points 2024 Eurostat
OECD monthly CPI inflation
% change on the same month a year earlier
2.1% 3.6% −1.5 percentage points September 2026 OECD
Consumer price inflation
annual % change
3.2% 3.9% −0.7 percentage points 2025 World Bank
Consumer price index
index, 2010 = 100
118.0 (2010 = 100) 153.1 (2010 = 100) −35.1 points 2025 World Bank
Inflation measured by the GDP deflator
annual % change
3.4% 3.7% −0.3 percentage points 2025 World Bank
Exchange rate to the US dollar
local currency units per US dollar, annual average
149.658 per US$ 0.759 per US$ +19,605.5% 2025 World Bank

Housing and households

MeasureJapanUnited KingdomJapan compared with United KingdomPeriodSource
Slum population
% of urban population
2.0% 0.2% +1.8 percentage points 2022 World Bank

Education and skills

MeasureJapanUnited KingdomJapan compared with United KingdomPeriodSource
ILO estimate of the youth NEET rate
% of youth aged 15 to 24
3.1% 14.3% −11.2 percentage points 2025 ILOSTAT
Out-of-school children
% of children of primary school age
0.1%nat_est (National estimate) 0.1%nat_est (National estimate) 0 percentage points 2023 UNESCO UIS
Out-of-school adolescents
% of adolescents of lower secondary school age
0.0%nat_est (National estimate) 1.3%nat_est (National estimate) −1.3 percentage points 2023 UNESCO UIS
Out-of-school youth
% of youth of upper secondary school age
2.9%nat_est (National estimate) 5.2%nat_est (National estimate) −2.3 percentage points 2023 UNESCO UIS
Primary net enrolment
% of children of primary school age
99.9%nat_est (National estimate) 99.9%nat_est (National estimate) 0 percentage points 2023 UNESCO UIS
Education share of public spending
% of total government expenditure
10.0% 12.1% −2.1 percentage points 1998 UNESCO UIS
Education spending
% of GDP
3.3% 5.9% −2.6 percentage points 2021 World Bank
Primary school enrolment (gross)
% of the official primary school-age population
101.1% 102.2% −1.0 percentage points 2023 World Bank
Tertiary education enrolment (gross)
% of the population in the five years after secondary school age
64.5% 80.4% −15.9 percentage points 2023 World Bank
Secondary school enrolment (gross)
% of the official secondary school-age population
101.5% 112.1% −10.6 percentage points 2023 World Bank

Health and healthcare

MeasureJapanUnited KingdomJapan compared with United KingdomPeriodSource
Life expectancy estimates and projections
years
84.7 years 81.3 years +4.2% 2023 UN Population Division
Life expectancy at 65, estimates and projections
years
22.5 years 20.2 years +11.4% 2023 UN Population Division
Healthy life expectancy
years
72.2 years 68.2 years +5.9% 2023 WHO
UHC service coverage
index from 0 to 100
86 88 −2 points 2023 WHO
Alcohol consumption
litres of pure alcohol per person aged 15+
5.98 litres 8.81 litres −32.1% 2024 WHO
Adult obesity
% of adults aged 18+
5.9% 27.4% −21.5 percentage points 2024 WHO
Hypertension
% of adults aged 30 to 79
31.4% 26.4% +5.0 percentage points 2019 WHO
Suicide rate
deaths per 100,000 people
14.4 per 100,000 people 9.6 per 100,000 people +4.8 per 100,000 people 2023 WHO
Premature NCD mortality
% probability
7.9% 10.9% −3.0 percentage points 2023 WHO
Physical inactivity
% of adults aged 18+
50.6% 21.9% +28.7 percentage points 2022 WHO
DTP3 immunisation
% of one-year-olds
91% 92% −1.0 percentage points 2025 WHO
Anaemia in women
% of women aged 15 to 49
18.7% 13.6% +5.1 percentage points 2023 WHO
Poisoning deaths
deaths per 100,000 people
0.2 per 100,000 people 0.3 per 100,000 people −0.1 per 100,000 people 2023 WHO
Nurses and midwives
per 10,000 people
124.4 per 10,000 people 92.4 per 10,000 people +32.1 per 10,000 people 2022 WHO
Dentists
per 10,000 people
8.16 per 10,000 people 5.12 per 10,000 people +3.04 per 10,000 people 2022 WHO
Life expectancy at birth
years
84.0 years 81.4 years +3.3% 2024 World Bank
Life expectancy at birth, women
years
87.1 years 83.3 years +4.6% 2024 World Bank
Life expectancy at birth, men
years
81.1 years 79.5 years +1.9% 2024 World Bank
Health spending share of GDP
% of GDP
10.7% 11.0% −0.3 percentage points 2023 World Bank
Under-five mortality rate
deaths per 1,000 live births
2.4 per 1,000 live births 4.7 per 1,000 live births −2.3 per 1,000 live births 2024 World Bank
Infant mortality rate
deaths per 1,000 live births
1.8 per 1,000 live births 4.1 per 1,000 live births −2.3 per 1,000 live births 2024 World Bank
Maternal mortality ratio
maternal deaths per 100,000 live births
3 per 100,000 live births 8 per 100,000 live births −5 per 100,000 live births 2023 World Bank
Physicians
physicians per 1,000 people
2.65 per 1,000 people 3.14 per 1,000 people −0.49 per 1,000 people 2022 World Bank
Hospital beds
beds per 1,000 people
12.6 per 1,000 people 2.4 per 1,000 people +10.2 per 1,000 people 2022 World Bank
Measles immunisation
% of children aged 12 to 23 months
95% 89% +6.0 percentage points 2024 World Bank
Tobacco use
% of adults aged 15 and over
17.5% 12.8% +4.7 percentage points 2024 World Bank
Out-of-pocket health spending
% of current health expenditure
12.2% 14.6% −2.4 percentage points 2023 World Bank
Health spending per person
current US dollars per person
US$3,638 per person US$5,407 per person −32.7% 2023 World Bank
Diabetes prevalence
% of population aged 20 to 79
8.1% 7.4% +0.7 percentage points 2024 World Bank
Neonatal mortality rate
deaths per 1,000 live births
0.9 per 1,000 live births 3.0 per 1,000 live births −2.1 per 1,000 live births 2024 World Bank
Child stunting
% of children under 5
7.1% 2.1% +5.0 percentage points 2010 World Bank
Tuberculosis incidence
new cases per 100,000 people
10 per 100,000 people 10 per 100,000 people 0 per 100,000 people 2024 World Bank

Internet and digital society

MeasureJapanUnited KingdomJapan compared with United KingdomPeriodSource
Internet users
% of population
85.5% 95.5% −9.9 percentage points 2024 World Bank
Mobile subscriptions
subscriptions per 100 people
178 per 100 people 123 per 100 people +56 per 100 people 2023 World Bank
Fixed broadband subscriptions
subscriptions per 100 people
38.6 per 100 people 41.4 per 100 people −2.8 per 100 people 2023 World Bank

Business and industry

MeasureJapanUnited KingdomJapan compared with United KingdomPeriodSource
Industry share of GDP
% of GDP
26.8% 17.1% +9.7 percentage points 2024 World Bank
New businesses registered
new limited liability companies
41,946 companies 841,138 companies −95.0% 2024 World Bank
Medium and high-tech manufacturing
% of manufacturing value added
58.2% 45.4% +12.8 percentage points 2024 World Bank
Manufacturing share of GDP
% of GDP
18.8% 8.0% +10.8 percentage points 2024 World Bank

Trade and investment

MeasureJapanUnited KingdomJapan compared with United KingdomPeriodSource
Exports share of GDP
% of GDP
22.0% 31.1% −9.1 percentage points 2024 World Bank
Imports share of GDP
% of GDP
22.9% 31.8% −8.9 percentage points 2024 World Bank
Trade as a share of GDP
% of GDP
44.9% 62.8% −18.0 percentage points 2024 World Bank
Foreign direct investment inflows
% of GDP
1.0% 0.9% +0.1 percentage points 2025 World Bank
Current account balance
% of GDP
4.9% -3.1% +8.0 percentage points 2025 World Bank
High-technology exports
% of manufactured exports
17.6% 29.2% −11.7 percentage points 2024 World Bank

Transport and mobility

MeasureJapanUnited KingdomJapan compared with United KingdomPeriodSource
Road traffic deaths
deaths per 100,000 people
3.6 per 100,000 people 3.2 per 100,000 people +0.4 per 100,000 people 2019 World Bank
Air passengers carried
passengers
120,305,972 passengers 118,945,920 passengers +1.1% 2023 World Bank

Energy and electricity

MeasureJapanUnited KingdomJapan compared with United KingdomPeriodSource
Access to electricity
% of population
100.0% 100.0% same 2024 World Bank
Clean cooking access
% of population
100.0% 100.0% same 2024 World Bank
Renewable energy share
% of total final energy consumption
8.8% 12.2% −3.4 percentage points 2021 World Bank
Fossil electricity share
% of total electricity production
60.2% 32.2% +28.0 percentage points 2025 World Bank
Net energy imports
% of energy use
87.3% 47.6% +39.7 percentage points 2024 World Bank

Climate and emissions

MeasureJapanUnited KingdomJapan compared with United KingdomPeriodSource
Temperature change
°C difference from the 1951 to 1980 average
1.86 °Ce (Estimated value) 1.84 °Ce (Estimated value) +0.02 °C 2025 FAOSTAT
Agrifood emissions per person
tonnes of CO2 equivalent per person
1.28 t CO2e per persone (Estimated value) 1.87 t CO2e per persone (Estimated value) −31.5% 2024 FAOSTAT
Total greenhouse gas emissions
million tonnes of CO2 equivalent
1,063.3 Mt CO2e 386.7 Mt CO2e +175.0% 2024 World Bank
Greenhouse gas emissions per person
tonnes of CO2 equivalent per person
8.6 t CO2e per person 5.6 t CO2e per person +53.7% 2024 World Bank
CO2 emissions per person
tonnes of CO2 per person
7.84 t CO2 per person 4.22 t CO2 per person +85.8% 2024 World Bank
Methane emissions
million tonnes of CO2 equivalent
50.9 Mt CO2e 58.9 Mt CO2e −13.6% 2024 World Bank
Nitrous oxide emissions
million tonnes of CO2 equivalent
16.53 Mt CO2e 25.62 Mt CO2e −35.5% 2024 World Bank

Air quality and ecosystems

MeasureJapanUnited KingdomJapan compared with United KingdomPeriodSource
PM2.5 air pollution
micrograms per cubic metre
8.5 µg/m³ 7.9 µg/m³ +6.9% 2023 WHO
Forest area
% of land area
68.3% 13.5% +54.8 percentage points 2024 World Bank
Protected areas
% of total territorial area
15.1% 42.1% −27.0 percentage points 2025 World Bank
PM2.5 air pollution exposure
micrograms per cubic metre
11.5 µg/m³ 9.5 µg/m³ +21.0% 2023 World Bank
Terrestrial protected areas
% of land area
29.7% 28.4% +1.3 percentage points 2025 World Bank

Water, sanitation and waste

MeasureJapanUnited KingdomJapan compared with United KingdomPeriodSource
Basic drinking water access
% of population
99.2% 100.0% −0.8 percentage points 2024 World Bank
Safely managed drinking water
% of population
98.7% 99.8% −1.1 percentage points 2024 World Bank
Basic sanitation access
% of population
99.9% 99.1% +0.8 percentage points 2024 World Bank
Level of water stress
% of available freshwater resources
36.6% 14.4% +22.3 percentage points 2022 World Bank
Renewable internal freshwater per person
cubic metres per person
3,437 m³ per person 2,144 m³ per person +60.3% 2022 World Bank
Safely managed sanitation
% of population
99.2% 97.8% +1.3 percentage points 2024 World Bank

Agriculture, food and fisheries

MeasureJapanUnited KingdomJapan compared with United KingdomPeriodSource
Cost of a healthy diet
international dollars (PPP) per person per day
Int$8.27 per person per daye (Estimated value) Int$2.75 per person per daye (Estimated value) +200.7% 2025 FAOSTAT
Healthy diet unaffordable
% of the population
13.2%e (Estimated value) 2.9%e (Estimated value) +10.3 percentage points 2025 FAOSTAT
Pesticide use
kg of active ingredients per hectare of cropland
10.06 kg/hae (Estimated value) 2.75 kg/hae (Estimated value) +265.8% 2024 FAOSTAT
Nitrogen fertiliser use
kg of nitrogen (N) per hectare of cropland
39.4 kg/hae (Estimated value) 113.1 kg/hae (Estimated value) −65.2% 2024 FAOSTAT
Agriculture share of GDP
% of GDP
1.0% 0.6% +0.3 percentage points 2024 World Bank
Cereal yield
kilograms per hectare
6,248 kg per hectare 6,558 kg per hectare −4.7% 2024 World Bank
Agricultural land
% of land area
12.6% 69.2% −56.6 percentage points 2024 World Bank
Capture fisheries production
metric tonnes
2,848,387 tonnes 755,323 tonnes +277.1% 2024 World Bank
Prevalence of undernourishment
% of population
2.5% 2.5% same 2024 World Bank
Food production index
index, 2014 to 2016 = 100
98.2 (2014-16 = 100) 97.7 (2014-16 = 100) +0.5% 2024 World Bank
Fertiliser use
kilograms per hectare of arable land
111.0 kg per hectare 193.7 kg per hectare −42.7% 2024 World Bank
Land area
square kilometres
364,500 km² 241,930 km² +50.7% 2024 World Bank

Poverty and social protection

MeasureJapanUnited KingdomJapan compared with United KingdomPeriodSource
Gini index
Gini index, 0 to 100
32.3 (0 to 100) 32.7 (0 to 100) −0.4 points 2020 World Bank
Income share held by the richest 10%
% of total income or consumption
24.3% 24.9% −0.6 percentage points 2020 World Bank
Extreme poverty rate
% of population
1.2% 0.5% +0.7 percentage points 2020 World Bank
Poverty rate at $4.20 a day (2021 PPP)
% of population
1.6% 0.6% +1.0 percentage points 2020 World Bank
Poverty rate at $8.30 a day (2021 PPP)
% of population
3.3% 0.9% +2.4 percentage points 2020 World Bank

Government finance and taxation

MeasureJapanUnited KingdomJapan compared with United KingdomPeriodSource
Tax revenue
% of GDP
11.1% 23.0% −11.8 percentage points 1993 World Bank
Central government expense
% of GDP
20.1% 40.7% −20.6 percentage points 2022 World Bank

Science and innovation

MeasureJapanUnited KingdomJapan compared with United KingdomPeriodSource
R&D spending share of GDP
% of GDP
3.14% 1.73%p (provisional) +1.41 percentage points 2019 Eurostat
R&D spending share of GDP
% of GDP
3.44% 2.68% +0.77 percentage points 2023 World Bank
Researchers per million people
researchers per million people
5,320 per million people 4,473 per million people +847 per million people 2017 World Bank
Scientific and technical journal articles
articles, fractional count
96,543 articles 97,536 articles −1.0% 2023 World Bank

Crime, justice and public safety

MeasureJapanUnited KingdomJapan compared with United KingdomPeriodSource
Intentional homicides
victims per 100,000 people
0.2 per 100,000 people 1.1 per 100,000 people −0.9 per 100,000 people 2021 World Bank

Culture, society and wellbeing

MeasureJapanUnited KingdomJapan compared with United KingdomPeriodSource
Women in national parliament
% of seats in the single or lower chamber
15.7% 40.5% −24.8 percentage points 2025 World Bank

The difference column shows Japan compared with United Kingdom: in percentage points for percentages, in the same unit for rates per population and index values, and in percent for other measures.

Open a measure to see both countries on a chart. All statistics for Japan · All statistics for United Kingdom · Other pairs