Italy vs Japan

Italy and Japan compared on 153 measures that both have. Each pair of values is for the same period, the latest one with data for both countries, so the year can differ from one row to the next.

Where Italy and Japan differ most

Measures where one value is the largest multiple of the other, among measures with positive values. Totals such as population, index values and growth rates are left out, because their size says little about the difference.

Population and ageing

MeasureItalyJapanItaly compared with JapanPeriodSource
Population estimates and projections
people
59,499,453 people 124,370,947 people −52.2% 2023 UN Population Division
Median age estimates and projections
years
47.5 years 49.0 years −3.1% 2023 UN Population Division
Fertility rate estimates and projections
live births per woman
1.20 births per woman 1.21 births per woman −0.8% 2023 UN Population Division
Population growth estimates and projections
% per year
-0.22% -0.48% +0.27 percentage points 2023 UN Population Division
Population
people
58,915,656 people 123,366,734 people −52.2% 2025 World Bank
Population growth
annual % change
-0.06% -0.49% +0.43 percentage points 2025 World Bank
Population aged 65 and over
% of total population
25.1% 30.0% −4.9 percentage points 2025 World Bank
Population aged 0 to 14
% of total population
11.7% 11.2% +0.4 percentage points 2025 World Bank
Fertility rate
births per woman
1.18 births per woman 1.15 births per woman +2.6% 2024 World Bank
Crude birth rate
births per 1,000 people
6.3 per 1,000 people 5.7 per 1,000 people +0.6 per 1,000 people 2024 World Bank
Crude death rate
deaths per 1,000 people
11.0 per 1,000 people 13.3 per 1,000 people −2.3 per 1,000 people 2024 World Bank
Urban population share
% of total population
69.7% 92.3% −22.6 percentage points 2025 World Bank
Adolescent birth rate
births per 1,000 women aged 15 to 19
2.9 per 1,000 women aged 15 to 19 1.6 per 1,000 women aged 15 to 19 +1.2 per 1,000 women aged 15 to 19 2024 World Bank
Age dependency ratio
dependants per 100 people aged 15 to 64
58.1 per 100 working-age people 70.2 per 100 working-age people −12.0 per 100 working-age people 2025 World Bank
Population density
people per square kilometre of land
199.4 people per km² 340.1 people per km² −41.4% 2024 World Bank
Urban population growth
annual % change
0.05% -0.37% +0.42 percentage points 2025 World Bank

Migration and citizenship

MeasureItalyJapanItaly compared with JapanPeriodSource
Net migration estimates and projections
per 1,000 people
2.5 per 1,000 people 1.4 per 1,000 people +1.1 per 1,000 people 2023 UN Population Division
Net migration
people
75,448 people 140,579 people −46.3% 2025 World Bank
International migrant stock
% of population
11.0% 2.8% +8.2 percentage points 2024 World Bank
Personal remittances received
% of GDP
0.5% 0.1% +0.4 percentage points 2025 World Bank

Employment and occupations

MeasureItalyJapanItaly compared with JapanPeriodSource
Monthly unemployment rate (seasonally adjusted)
% of the labour force
6.3% 2.4% +3.9 percentage points September 2026 Eurostat
Monthly youth unemployment
% of the labour force under 25
19.9% 3.5% +16.4 percentage points September 2026 Eurostat
ILO estimate of the unemployment rate
% of the labour force aged 15 and over
6.4% 2.5% +3.9 percentage points 2025 ILOSTAT
ILO estimate of youth unemployment
% of the labour force aged 15 to 24
20.5% 3.9% +16.6 percentage points 2025 ILOSTAT
Labour force participation
% of working-age population aged 15 and over
49.3% 63.4% −14.1 percentage points 2025 ILOSTAT
Women's labour force participation
% of women aged 15 and over
40.8% 55.9% −15.1 percentage points 2025 ILOSTAT
Employment-to-population ratio
% of population aged 15 and over
46.2% 61.9% −15.7 percentage points 2025 ILOSTAT
OECD monthly unemployment rate
% of the labour force aged 15 and over, seasonally adjusted
6.3% 2.4% +3.9 percentage points September 2026 OECD
Employment in agriculture
% of total employment
3.3% 2.8% +0.5 percentage points 2025 World Bank
Employment in industry
% of total employment
26.4% 23.2% +3.2 percentage points 2025 World Bank
Employment in services
% of total employment
70.2% 74.0% −3.7 percentage points 2025 World Bank

Wages and labour costs

MeasureItalyJapanItaly compared with JapanPeriodSource
Net annual earnings
euro per year
€24,593 per year €26,862 per year −8.4% 2023 Eurostat

Economy and productivity

MeasureItalyJapanItaly compared with JapanPeriodSource
GDP per capita in PPS
index, EU27 (from 2020) = 100
98 (EU = 100) 83 (EU = 100) +15 points 2024 Eurostat
GDP in US dollars
current US dollars
US$2.55 trillion US$4.44 trillion −42.5% 2025 World Bank
GDP per capita in US dollars
current US dollars per person
US$43,309 per person US$35,951 per person +20.5% 2025 World Bank
GDP per capita, PPP
constant 2021 international dollars per person
Int$53,606 per person Int$48,283 per person +11.0% 2025 World Bank
GNI per capita, Atlas method
current US dollars per person
US$42,080 per person US$38,340 per person +9.8% 2025 World Bank
Real GDP growth
annual % change
0.5% 1.2% −0.7 percentage points 2025 World Bank
Services share of GDP
% of GDP
64.7% 71.4% −6.8 percentage points 2024 World Bank
Investment share of GDP
% of GDP
22.3% 27.7% −5.4 percentage points 2024 World Bank
Savings share of GDP
% of GDP
23.3% 32.1% −8.7 percentage points 2024 World Bank
Household consumption per person
constant 2015 US dollars per person
US$19,742 per person US$19,751 per person 0% 2024 World Bank

Prices and purchasing power

MeasureItalyJapanItaly compared with JapanPeriodSource
Consumer price level index
index, EU27 (from 2020) = 100
98 (EU = 100) 89 (EU = 100) +9 points 2024 Eurostat
OECD monthly CPI inflation
% change on the same month a year earlier
4.2% 2.1% +2.1 percentage points September 2026 OECD
Consumer price inflation
annual % change
1.5% 3.2% −1.6 percentage points 2025 World Bank
Consumer price index
index, 2010 = 100
131.9 (2010 = 100) 118.0 (2010 = 100) +13.8 points 2025 World Bank
Inflation measured by the GDP deflator
annual % change
2.0% 3.4% −1.4 percentage points 2025 World Bank
Exchange rate to the US dollar
local currency units per US dollar, annual average
0.885 per US$ 149.658 per US$ −99.4% 2025 World Bank

Housing and households

MeasureItalyJapanItaly compared with JapanPeriodSource
Slum population
% of urban population
0.0% 2.0% −2.0 percentage points 2022 World Bank

Education and skills

MeasureItalyJapanItaly compared with JapanPeriodSource
ILO estimate of the youth NEET rate
% of youth aged 15 to 24
12.1% 3.1% +9.0 percentage points 2025 ILOSTAT
Out-of-school children
% of children of primary school age
2.1%nat_est (National estimate) 0.1%nat_est (National estimate) +2.0 percentage points 2023 UNESCO UIS
Out-of-school adolescents
% of adolescents of lower secondary school age
1.9%nat_est (National estimate) 0.0%nat_est (National estimate) +1.9 percentage points 2023 UNESCO UIS
Out-of-school youth
% of youth of upper secondary school age
5.6%nat_est (National estimate) 2.9%nat_est (National estimate) +2.7 percentage points 2023 UNESCO UIS
Primary net enrolment
% of children of primary school age
97.9%nat_est (National estimate) 99.9%nat_est (National estimate) −2.0 percentage points 2023 UNESCO UIS
Education share of public spending
% of total government expenditure
9.3% 10.0% −0.7 percentage points 1998 UNESCO UIS
Education spending
% of GDP
4.2% 3.3% +0.8 percentage points 2021 World Bank
Primary school enrolment (gross)
% of the official primary school-age population
103.6% 101.1% +2.4 percentage points 2023 World Bank
Tertiary education enrolment (gross)
% of the population in the five years after secondary school age
75.9% 64.5% +11.5 percentage points 2023 World Bank
Secondary school enrolment (gross)
% of the official secondary school-age population
100.7% 101.5% −0.9 percentage points 2023 World Bank

Health and healthcare

MeasureItalyJapanItaly compared with JapanPeriodSource
Life expectancy estimates and projections
years
83.7 years 84.7 years −1.2% 2023 UN Population Division
Life expectancy at 65, estimates and projections
years
21.3 years 22.5 years −5.3% 2023 UN Population Division
Healthy life expectancy
years
71.2 years 72.2 years −1.4% 2023 WHO
UHC service coverage
index from 0 to 100
82 86 −4 points 2023 WHO
Alcohol consumption
litres of pure alcohol per person aged 15+
7.77 litres 5.98 litres +29.8% 2024 WHO
Adult obesity
% of adults aged 18+
14.0% 5.9% +8.1 percentage points 2024 WHO
Hypertension
% of adults aged 30 to 79
33.8% 31.4% +2.4 percentage points 2019 WHO
Suicide rate
deaths per 100,000 people
5.7 per 100,000 people 14.4 per 100,000 people −8.7 per 100,000 people 2023 WHO
Premature NCD mortality
% probability
8.4% 7.9% +0.5 percentage points 2023 WHO
Physical inactivity
% of adults aged 18+
45.2% 50.6% −5.4 percentage points 2022 WHO
DTP3 immunisation
% of one-year-olds
95% 91% +4.0 percentage points 2025 WHO
Anaemia in women
% of women aged 15 to 49
16.4% 18.7% −2.3 percentage points 2023 WHO
Poisoning deaths
deaths per 100,000 people
0.3 per 100,000 people 0.2 per 100,000 people +0.1 per 100,000 people 2023 WHO
Nurses and midwives
per 10,000 people
70.3 per 10,000 people 124.4 per 10,000 people −54.1 per 10,000 people 2022 WHO
Dentists
per 10,000 people
7.95 per 10,000 people 8.16 per 10,000 people −0.21 per 10,000 people 2022 WHO
Life expectancy at birth
years
84.0 years 84.0 years −0.1% 2024 World Bank
Life expectancy at birth, women
years
86.0 years 87.1 years −1.3% 2024 World Bank
Life expectancy at birth, men
years
82.0 years 81.1 years +1.1% 2024 World Bank
Health spending share of GDP
% of GDP
8.4% 10.7% −2.3 percentage points 2023 World Bank
Under-five mortality rate
deaths per 1,000 live births
2.7 per 1,000 live births 2.4 per 1,000 live births +0.3 per 1,000 live births 2024 World Bank
Infant mortality rate
deaths per 1,000 live births
2.3 per 1,000 live births 1.8 per 1,000 live births +0.5 per 1,000 live births 2024 World Bank
Maternal mortality ratio
maternal deaths per 100,000 live births
6 per 100,000 live births 3 per 100,000 live births +3 per 100,000 live births 2023 World Bank
Physicians
physicians per 1,000 people
4.19 per 1,000 people 2.65 per 1,000 people +1.54 per 1,000 people 2022 World Bank
Hospital beds
beds per 1,000 people
3.1 per 1,000 people 12.6 per 1,000 people −9.5 per 1,000 people 2022 World Bank
Measles immunisation
% of children aged 12 to 23 months
95% 95% same 2024 World Bank
Tobacco use
% of adults aged 15 and over
22.4% 17.5% +4.9 percentage points 2024 World Bank
Out-of-pocket health spending
% of current health expenditure
23.6% 12.2% +11.4 percentage points 2023 World Bank
Health spending per person
current US dollars per person
US$3,283 per person US$3,638 per person −9.7% 2023 World Bank
Diabetes prevalence
% of population aged 20 to 79
7.7% 8.1% −0.4 percentage points 2024 World Bank
Neonatal mortality rate
deaths per 1,000 live births
1.8 per 1,000 live births 0.9 per 1,000 live births +0.9 per 1,000 live births 2024 World Bank
Tuberculosis incidence
new cases per 100,000 people
5 per 100,000 people 10 per 100,000 people −5 per 100,000 people 2024 World Bank

Internet and digital society

MeasureItalyJapanItaly compared with JapanPeriodSource
Internet users
% of population
89.2% 85.5% +3.7 percentage points 2024 World Bank
Mobile subscriptions
subscriptions per 100 people
132 per 100 people 178 per 100 people −47 per 100 people 2023 World Bank
Fixed broadband subscriptions
subscriptions per 100 people
31.8 per 100 people 38.6 per 100 people −6.8 per 100 people 2023 World Bank

Business and industry

MeasureItalyJapanItaly compared with JapanPeriodSource
Industry share of GDP
% of GDP
22.7% 26.8% −4.1 percentage points 2024 World Bank
New businesses registered
new limited liability companies
115,689 companies 41,946 companies +175.8% 2024 World Bank
Medium and high-tech manufacturing
% of manufacturing value added
41.8% 58.2% −16.4 percentage points 2024 World Bank
Manufacturing share of GDP
% of GDP
15.1% 18.8% −3.7 percentage points 2024 World Bank

Trade and investment

MeasureItalyJapanItaly compared with JapanPeriodSource
Exports share of GDP
% of GDP
32.3% 22.0% +10.4 percentage points 2024 World Bank
Imports share of GDP
% of GDP
30.3% 22.9% +7.4 percentage points 2024 World Bank
Trade as a share of GDP
% of GDP
62.6% 44.9% +17.7 percentage points 2024 World Bank
Foreign direct investment inflows
% of GDP
0.0% 1.0% −1.0 percentage points 2025 World Bank
Current account balance
% of GDP
1.1% 4.9% −3.7 percentage points 2025 World Bank
High-technology exports
% of manufactured exports
11.9% 17.6% −5.7 percentage points 2024 World Bank

Transport and mobility

MeasureItalyJapanItaly compared with JapanPeriodSource
Road traffic deaths
deaths per 100,000 people
5.3 per 100,000 people 3.6 per 100,000 people +1.7 per 100,000 people 2019 World Bank
Air passengers carried
passengers
20,264,734 passengers 120,305,972 passengers −83.2% 2023 World Bank

Energy and electricity

MeasureItalyJapanItaly compared with JapanPeriodSource
Access to electricity
% of population
100.0% 100.0% same 2024 World Bank
Clean cooking access
% of population
99.0% 100.0% −1.0 percentage points 2024 World Bank
Renewable energy share
% of total final energy consumption
17.5% 8.8% +8.7 percentage points 2021 World Bank
Fossil electricity share
% of total electricity production
50.1% 60.2% −10.1 percentage points 2025 World Bank
Net energy imports
% of energy use
79.2% 87.3% −8.1 percentage points 2024 World Bank

Climate and emissions

MeasureItalyJapanItaly compared with JapanPeriodSource
Temperature change
°C difference from the 1951 to 1980 average
2.18 °Ce (Estimated value) 1.86 °Ce (Estimated value) +0.32 °C 2025 FAOSTAT
Agrifood emissions per person
tonnes of CO2 equivalent per person
1.50 t CO2e per persone (Estimated value) 1.28 t CO2e per persone (Estimated value) +16.8% 2024 FAOSTAT
Total greenhouse gas emissions
million tonnes of CO2 equivalent
371.2 Mt CO2e 1,063.3 Mt CO2e −65.1% 2024 World Bank
Greenhouse gas emissions per person
tonnes of CO2 equivalent per person
6.3 t CO2e per person 8.6 t CO2e per person −26.6% 2024 World Bank
CO2 emissions per person
tonnes of CO2 per person
5.08 t CO2 per person 7.84 t CO2 per person −35.3% 2024 World Bank
Methane emissions
million tonnes of CO2 equivalent
44.9 Mt CO2e 50.9 Mt CO2e −11.7% 2024 World Bank
Nitrous oxide emissions
million tonnes of CO2 equivalent
12.93 Mt CO2e 16.53 Mt CO2e −21.8% 2024 World Bank

Air quality and ecosystems

MeasureItalyJapanItaly compared with JapanPeriodSource
PM2.5 air pollution
micrograms per cubic metre
13.3 µg/m³ 8.5 µg/m³ +56.5% 2023 WHO
Forest area
% of land area
31.8% 68.3% −36.5 percentage points 2024 World Bank
Protected areas
% of total territorial area
14.8% 15.1% −0.3 percentage points 2025 World Bank
PM2.5 air pollution exposure
micrograms per cubic metre
14.3 µg/m³ 11.5 µg/m³ +24.8% 2023 World Bank
Terrestrial protected areas
% of land area
21.5% 29.7% −8.2 percentage points 2025 World Bank

Water, sanitation and waste

MeasureItalyJapanItaly compared with JapanPeriodSource
Basic drinking water access
% of population
99.9% 99.2% +0.7 percentage points 2024 World Bank
Safely managed drinking water
% of population
96.8% 98.7% −2.0 percentage points 2024 World Bank
Basic sanitation access
% of population
99.9% 99.9% −0.1 percentage points 2024 World Bank
Level of water stress
% of available freshwater resources
29.8% 36.6% −6.9 percentage points 2022 World Bank
Renewable internal freshwater per person
cubic metres per person
3,093 m³ per person 3,437 m³ per person −10.0% 2022 World Bank
Safely managed sanitation
% of population
78.2% 99.2% −21.0 percentage points 2024 World Bank

Agriculture, food and fisheries

MeasureItalyJapanItaly compared with JapanPeriodSource
Cost of a healthy diet
international dollars (PPP) per person per day
Int$4.55 per person per daye (Estimated value) Int$8.27 per person per daye (Estimated value) −45.0% 2025 FAOSTAT
Healthy diet unaffordable
% of the population
8.4%e (Estimated value) 13.2%e (Estimated value) −4.8 percentage points 2025 FAOSTAT
Pesticide use
kg of active ingredients per hectare of cropland
4.29 kg/hae (Estimated value) 10.06 kg/hae (Estimated value) −57.4% 2024 FAOSTAT
Nitrogen fertiliser use
kg of nitrogen (N) per hectare of cropland
57.9 kg/hae (Estimated value) 39.4 kg/hae (Estimated value) +47.2% 2024 FAOSTAT
Agriculture share of GDP
% of GDP
2.0% 1.0% +1.0 percentage points 2024 World Bank
Cereal yield
kilograms per hectare
4,982 kg per hectare 6,248 kg per hectare −20.3% 2024 World Bank
Agricultural land
% of land area
43.6% 12.6% +31.1 percentage points 2024 World Bank
Capture fisheries production
metric tonnes
134,076 tonnes 2,848,387 tonnes −95.3% 2024 World Bank
Prevalence of undernourishment
% of population
2.5% 2.5% same 2024 World Bank
Food production index
index, 2014 to 2016 = 100
96.5 (2014-16 = 100) 98.2 (2014-16 = 100) −1.7% 2024 World Bank
Fertiliser use
kilograms per hectare of arable land
112.1 kg per hectare 111.0 kg per hectare +1.0% 2024 World Bank
Land area
square kilometres
295,720 km² 364,500 km² −18.9% 2024 World Bank

Poverty and social protection

MeasureItalyJapanItaly compared with JapanPeriodSource
Gini index
Gini index, 0 to 100
35.2 (0 to 100) 32.3 (0 to 100) +2.9 points 2020 World Bank
Income share held by the richest 10%
% of total income or consumption
26.1% 24.3% +1.8 percentage points 2020 World Bank
Extreme poverty rate
% of population
0.9% 1.2% −0.3 percentage points 2020 World Bank
Poverty rate at $4.20 a day (2021 PPP)
% of population
1.2% 1.6% −0.4 percentage points 2020 World Bank
Poverty rate at $8.30 a day (2021 PPP)
% of population
2.4% 3.3% −0.9 percentage points 2020 World Bank

Government finance and taxation

MeasureItalyJapanItaly compared with JapanPeriodSource
Tax revenue
% of GDP
26.2% 11.1% +15.1 percentage points 1993 World Bank
Central government expense
% of GDP
48.4% 20.1% +28.3 percentage points 2022 World Bank

Science and innovation

MeasureItalyJapanItaly compared with JapanPeriodSource
R&D spending share of GDP
% of GDP
1.41% 3.48% −2.07 percentage points 2024 Eurostat
R&D spending share of GDP
% of GDP
1.38% 3.44% −2.06 percentage points 2023 World Bank
Researchers per million people
researchers per million people
2,855 per million people 5,609 per million people −2,754 per million people 2023 World Bank
Scientific and technical journal articles
articles, fractional count
82,771 articles 96,543 articles −14.3% 2023 World Bank

Crime, justice and public safety

MeasureItalyJapanItaly compared with JapanPeriodSource
Intentional homicides
victims per 100,000 people
0.6 per 100,000 people 0.2 per 100,000 people +0.3 per 100,000 people 2023 World Bank

Culture, society and wellbeing

MeasureItalyJapanItaly compared with JapanPeriodSource
Women in national parliament
% of seats in the single or lower chamber
32.8% 15.7% +17.1 percentage points 2025 World Bank

The difference column shows Italy compared with Japan: in percentage points for percentages, in the same unit for rates per population and index values, and in percent for other measures.

Open a measure to see both countries on a chart. All statistics for Italy · All statistics for Japan · Other pairs