Scientific and technical journal articles by country, 2023
Scientific and engineering articles published in peer-reviewed journals, counted by the authors' institutional addresses. Articles with authors in several countries are split proportionally.
197 places ranked for 2023. Highest: China (932,712 articles). Lowest: Naoero (0 articles). The median is 499 articles.
Highest 10
- 1. China 932,712 articles
- 2. United States 430,843 articles
- 3. India 228,174 articles
- 4. Germany 108,782 articles
- 5. United Kingdom 97,536 articles
- 6. Japan 96,543 articles
- 7. Russia 85,558 articles
- 8. Italy 82,771 articles
- 9. South Korea 71,724 articles
- 10. Canada 63,720 articles
Lowest 10
- 197. Naoero 0 articles
- 196. Tuvalu 0 articles
- 195. Marshall Islands 1 articles
- 194. Kiribati 2 articles
- 193. Saint Lucia 3 articles
- 192. Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 3 articles
- 191. Equatorial Guinea 3 articles
- 190. Dominica 4 articles
- 189. Micronesia 4 articles
- 188. São Tomé and Príncipe 5 articles
The chart loads when you scroll to it.
The chart shows the 40 highest values; the table lists all 197. Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators.
In short
- Among the 197 countries with a value for 2023, the highest is China (932,712 articles) and the lowest Naoero (0 articles).
- Half of the countries are above 499 articles and half below.
- From 2022 to 2023 the value rose in 107 countries and fell in 90.
- The figure for the world was 3,271,296 articles in 2023, against 2,522,113 articles in 2018 (+29.7%).
Full ranking
| # | Country | Value | Period | Relative size |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 932,712 articles | 2023 | |
| 2 | United States | 430,843 articles | 2023 | |
| 3 | India | 228,174 articles | 2023 | |
| 4 | Germany | 108,782 articles | 2023 | |
| 5 | United Kingdom | 97,536 articles | 2023 | |
| 6 | Japan | 96,543 articles | 2023 | |
| 7 | Russia | 85,558 articles | 2023 | |
| 8 | Italy | 82,771 articles | 2023 | |
| 9 | South Korea | 71,724 articles | 2023 | |
| 10 | Canada | 63,720 articles | 2023 | |
| 11 | France | 62,180 articles | 2023 | |
| 12 | Spain | 60,304 articles | 2023 | |
| 13 | Brazil | 58,292 articles | 2023 | |
| 14 | Iran | 55,085 articles | 2023 | |
| 15 | Australia | 54,589 articles | 2023 | |
| 16 | Türkiye | 50,180 articles | 2023 | |
| 17 | Indonesia | 38,992 articles | 2023 | |
| 18 | Netherlands | 32,207 articles | 2023 | |
| 19 | Poland | 31,218 articles | 2023 | |
| 20 | Saudi Arabia | 24,595 articles | 2023 | |
| 21 | Malaysia | 23,691 articles | 2023 | |
| 22 | Egypt | 22,854 articles | 2023 | |
| 23 | Switzerland | 22,804 articles | 2023 | |
| 24 | Sweden | 21,244 articles | 2023 | |
| 25 | Pakistan | 20,519 articles | 2023 | |
| 26 | Mexico | 18,982 articles | 2023 | |
| 27 | Portugal | 18,225 articles | 2023 | |
| 28 | Belgium | 16,816 articles | 2023 | |
| 29 | Iraq | 16,724 articles | 2023 | |
| 30 | Thailand | 16,656 articles | 2023 | |
| 31 | Denmark | 15,603 articles | 2023 | |
| 32 | Ukraine | 15,498 articles | 2023 | |
| 33 | South Africa | 14,949 articles | 2023 | |
| 34 | Austria | 13,846 articles | 2023 | |
| 35 | Israel | 13,844 articles | 2023 | |
| 36 | Norway | 13,756 articles | 2023 | |
| 37 | Greece | 13,552 articles | 2023 | |
| 38 | Czechia | 13,409 articles | 2023 | |
| 39 | Singapore | 11,894 articles | 2023 | |
| 40 | Finland | 11,224 articles | 2023 | |
| 41 | Romania | 10,713 articles | 2023 | |
| 42 | Viet Nam | 10,644 articles | 2023 | |
| 43 | Nigeria | 9,799 articles | 2023 | |
| 44 | Morocco | 9,725 articles | 2023 | |
| 45 | Colombia | 9,184 articles | 2023 | |
| 46 | Ireland | 8,720 articles | 2023 | |
| 47 | Argentina | 8,589 articles | 2023 | |
| 48 | Chile | 8,573 articles | 2023 | |
| 49 | Hungary | 8,260 articles | 2023 | |
| 50 | Bangladesh | 8,259 articles | 2023 | |
| 51 | New Zealand | 8,096 articles | 2023 | |
| 52 | Algeria | 7,677 articles | 2023 | |
| 53 | United Arab Emirates | 7,075 articles | 2023 | |
| 54 | Ethiopia | 6,728 articles | 2023 | |
| 55 | Croatia | 5,504 articles | 2023 | |
| 56 | Tunisia | 5,493 articles | 2023 | |
| 57 | Jordan | 5,419 articles | 2023 | |
| 58 | Slovakia | 5,332 articles | 2023 | |
| 59 | Peru | 5,242 articles | 2023 | |
| 60 | Serbia | 5,173 articles | 2023 | |
| 61 | Bulgaria | 4,998 articles | 2023 | |
| 62 | Philippines | 4,752 articles | 2023 | |
| 63 | Uzbekistan | 4,624 articles | 2023 | |
| 64 | Kazakhstan | 3,819 articles | 2023 | |
| 65 | Slovenia | 3,568 articles | 2023 | |
| 66 | Ecuador | 3,530 articles | 2023 | |
| 67 | Ghana | 3,270 articles | 2023 | |
| 68 | Lithuania | 2,673 articles | 2023 | |
| 69 | Qatar | 2,471 articles | 2023 | |
| 70 | Sri Lanka | 2,322 articles | 2023 | |
| 71 | Lebanon | 2,079 articles | 2023 | |
| 72 | Kenya | 2,079 articles | 2023 | |
| 73 | Cyprus | 1,764 articles | 2023 | |
| 74 | Estonia | 1,754 articles | 2023 | |
| 75 | Latvia | 1,736 articles | 2023 | |
| 76 | Oman | 1,640 articles | 2023 | |
| 77 | Nepal | 1,591 articles | 2023 | |
| 78 | Cameroon | 1,547 articles | 2023 | |
| 79 | Azerbaijan | 1,544 articles | 2023 | |
| 80 | Tanzania | 1,453 articles | 2023 | |
| 81 | Belarus | 1,429 articles | 2023 | |
| 82 | Uganda | 1,424 articles | 2023 | |
| 83 | Kuwait | 1,395 articles | 2023 | |
| 84 | Cuba | 1,217 articles | 2023 | |
| 85 | Luxembourg | 1,176 articles | 2023 | |
| 86 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 1,083 articles | 2023 | |
| 87 | Uruguay | 1,060 articles | 2023 | |
| 88 | West Bank and Gaza | 862 articles | 2023 | |
| 89 | Armenia | 801 articles | 2023 | |
| 90 | Bahrain | 718 articles | 2023 | |
| 91 | Iceland | 716 articles | 2023 | |
| 92 | Costa Rica | 661 articles | 2023 | |
| 93 | Georgia | 650 articles | 2023 | |
| 94 | Syria | 646 articles | 2023 | |
| 95 | Puerto Rico (US) | 605 articles | 2023 | |
| 96 | Zimbabwe | 520 articles | 2023 | |
| 97 | Burkina Faso | 520 articles | 2023 | |
| 98 | Brunei | 502 articles | 2023 | |
| 99 | North Macedonia | 499 articles | 2023 | |
| 100 | Malta | 498 articles | 2023 | |
| 101 | Kosovo | 495 articles | 2023 | |
| 102 | Senegal | 490 articles | 2023 | |
| 103 | Venezuela | 475 articles | 2023 | |
| 104 | Sudan | 471 articles | 2023 | |
| 105 | Libya | 443 articles | 2023 | |
| 106 | Benin | 437 articles | 2023 | |
| 107 | Rwanda | 434 articles | 2023 | |
| 108 | Yemen | 404 articles | 2023 | |
| 109 | Côte d'Ivoire | 392 articles | 2023 | |
| 110 | Botswana | 384 articles | 2023 | |
| 111 | Malawi | 378 articles | 2023 | |
| 112 | Zambia | 367 articles | 2023 | |
| 113 | Moldova | 335 articles | 2023 | |
| 114 | Kyrgyzstan | 327 articles | 2023 | |
| 115 | Albania | 319 articles | 2023 | |
| 116 | Panama | 282 articles | 2023 | |
| 117 | Mongolia | 277 articles | 2023 | |
| 118 | North Korea | 269 articles | 2023 | |
| 119 | Montenegro | 255 articles | 2023 | |
| 120 | Paraguay | 253 articles | 2023 | |
| 121 | Trinidad and Tobago | 246 articles | 2023 | |
| 122 | Democratic Republic of the Congo | 243 articles | 2023 | |
| 123 | Myanmar | 234 articles | 2023 | |
| 124 | Namibia | 231 articles | 2023 | |
| 125 | Fiji | 218 articles | 2023 | |
| 126 | Mauritius | 205 articles | 2023 | |
| 127 | Mozambique | 205 articles | 2023 | |
| 128 | Cambodia | 201 articles | 2023 | |
| 129 | Bolivia | 197 articles | 2023 | |
| 130 | Afghanistan | 169 articles | 2023 | |
| 131 | Jamaica | 161 articles | 2023 | |
| 132 | Tajikistan | 158 articles | 2023 | |
| 133 | Madagascar | 153 articles | 2023 | |
| 134 | Somalia, Fed. Rep. | 152 articles | 2023 | |
| 135 | Togo | 136 articles | 2023 | |
| 136 | Honduras | 130 articles | 2023 | |
| 137 | Mali | 117 articles | 2023 | |
| 138 | Guatemala | 109 articles | 2023 | |
| 139 | Dominican Republic | 105 articles | 2023 | |
| 140 | Bhutan | 103 articles | 2023 | |
| 141 | Republic of the Congo | 96 articles | 2023 | |
| 142 | Gabon | 91 articles | 2023 | |
| 143 | Niger | 90 articles | 2023 | |
| 144 | Sierra Leone | 86 articles | 2023 | |
| 145 | Gambia | 80 articles | 2023 | |
| 146 | Laos | 72 articles | 2023 | |
| 147 | Papua New Guinea | 70 articles | 2023 | |
| 148 | El Salvador | 65 articles | 2023 | |
| 149 | Lesotho | 60 articles | 2023 | |
| 150 | Barbados | 57 articles | 2023 | |
| 151 | Guinea | 55 articles | 2023 | |
| 152 | Chad | 52 articles | 2023 | |
| 153 | Liechtenstein | 51 articles | 2023 | |
| 154 | Angola | 50 articles | 2023 | |
| 155 | Guyana | 50 articles | 2023 | |
| 156 | Mauritania | 47 articles | 2023 | |
| 157 | Grenada | 42 articles | 2023 | |
| 158 | Nicaragua | 41 articles | 2023 | |
| 159 | Greenland | 38 articles | 2023 | |
| 160 | Haiti | 38 articles | 2023 | |
| 161 | Monaco | 37 articles | 2023 | |
| 162 | Burundi | 36 articles | 2023 | |
| 163 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 36 articles | 2023 | |
| 164 | Maldives | 32 articles | 2023 | |
| 165 | Liberia | 32 articles | 2023 | |
| 166 | Turkmenistan | 31 articles | 2023 | |
| 167 | Eswatini | 31 articles | 2023 | |
| 168 | Eritrea | 29 articles | 2023 | |
| 169 | Suriname | 26 articles | 2023 | |
| 170 | Central African Republic | 26 articles | 2023 | |
| 171 | Samoa | 22 articles | 2023 | |
| 172 | Timor-Leste | 21 articles | 2023 | |
| 173 | San Marino | 20 articles | 2023 | |
| 174 | Cabo Verde | 18 articles | 2023 | |
| 175 | Belize | 18 articles | 2023 | |
| 176 | Djibouti | 17 articles | 2023 | |
| 177 | South Sudan | 17 articles | 2023 | |
| 178 | Seychelles | 15 articles | 2023 | |
| 179 | Bahamas | 15 articles | 2023 | |
| 180 | Solomon Islands | 15 articles | 2023 | |
| 181 | Guinea-Bissau | 14 articles | 2023 | |
| 182 | Antigua and Barbuda | 13 articles | 2023 | |
| 183 | Vanuatu | 12 articles | 2023 | |
| 184 | Andorra | 11 articles | 2023 | |
| 185 | Comoros | 8 articles | 2023 | |
| 186 | Palau | 5 articles | 2023 | |
| 187 | Tonga | 5 articles | 2023 | |
| 188 | São Tomé and Príncipe | 5 articles | 2023 | |
| 189 | Micronesia | 4 articles | 2023 | |
| 190 | Dominica | 4 articles | 2023 | |
| 191 | Equatorial Guinea | 3 articles | 2023 | |
| 192 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 3 articles | 2023 | |
| 193 | Saint Lucia | 3 articles | 2023 | |
| 194 | Kiribati | 2 articles | 2023 | |
| 195 | Marshall Islands | 1 articles | 2023 | |
| 196 | Tuvalu | 0 articles | 2023 | |
| 197 | Naoero | 0 articles | 2023 |
Places are ordered from the highest to the lowest value. Group medians on this site are the middle value of the members with data for the same year; they are not official aggregates.
How this ranking works
Every country is ranked on its value for 2023, the latest period that most countries have, so all values are for the same point in time. Countries without a value for 2023 are left out. Groups and aggregates such as the European Union are not ranked. Values are as published by World Bank; the ranking is a plain ordering from the highest to the lowest value and says nothing about whether a high value is good or bad.
Earlier years: use the year selector above. Methodology · Coverage and freshness