Scientific and technical journal articles by country, 2023, European Union (27 countries)
Scientific and engineering articles published in peer-reviewed journals, counted by the authors' institutional addresses. Articles with authors in several countries are split proportionally.
27 places ranked for 2023. Highest: Germany (108,782 articles). Lowest: Malta (498 articles). The median is 11,224 articles.
Members since the United Kingdom left the EU on 31 January 2020. About this group
Highest 10
Lowest 10
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Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators.
Full ranking
| # | Country | Value | Period | Relative size |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Germany | 108,782 articles | 2023 | |
| 2 | Italy | 82,771 articles | 2023 | |
| 3 | France | 62,180 articles | 2023 | |
| 4 | Spain | 60,304 articles | 2023 | |
| 5 | Netherlands | 32,207 articles | 2023 | |
| 6 | Poland | 31,218 articles | 2023 | |
| 7 | Sweden | 21,244 articles | 2023 | |
| 8 | Portugal | 18,225 articles | 2023 | |
| 9 | Belgium | 16,816 articles | 2023 | |
| 10 | Denmark | 15,603 articles | 2023 | |
| 11 | Austria | 13,846 articles | 2023 | |
| 12 | Greece | 13,552 articles | 2023 | |
| 13 | Czechia | 13,409 articles | 2023 | |
| 14 | Finland | 11,224 articles | 2023 | |
| 15 | Romania | 10,713 articles | 2023 | |
| 16 | Ireland | 8,720 articles | 2023 | |
| 17 | Hungary | 8,260 articles | 2023 | |
| 18 | Croatia | 5,504 articles | 2023 | |
| 19 | Slovakia | 5,332 articles | 2023 | |
| 20 | Bulgaria | 4,998 articles | 2023 | |
| 21 | Slovenia | 3,568 articles | 2023 | |
| 22 | Lithuania | 2,673 articles | 2023 | |
| 23 | Cyprus | 1,764 articles | 2023 | |
| 24 | Estonia | 1,754 articles | 2023 | |
| 25 | Latvia | 1,736 articles | 2023 | |
| 26 | Luxembourg | 1,176 articles | 2023 | |
| 27 | Malta | 498 articles | 2023 |
Places are ordered from the highest to the lowest value. Group medians on this site are the middle value of the members with data for the same year; they are not official aggregates.
How this ranking works
Every country is ranked on its value for 2023, the latest period that most countries have, so all values are for the same point in time. Countries without a value for 2023 are left out. Groups and aggregates such as the European Union are not ranked. Values are as published by World Bank; the ranking is a plain ordering from the highest to the lowest value and says nothing about whether a high value is good or bad.
Earlier years: use the year selector above. Methodology · Coverage and freshness