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Infant mortality rate (Eurostat)

Deaths of children under one year of age during the year per 1,000 live births in the same year.

Unit: Deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births Frequency: Annual Coverage: 48 countries and 1 group 1960 to 2024 Source: Eurostat
Highest in 2023 10.0 per 1,000 live births Moldova Lowest in 2023 1.7 per 1,000 live births Estonia
European Union, 2023 3.3 per 1,000 live births Official aggregate published by the source
Countries ranked for 2023 39 Updated by the source on 7 October 2026

39 countries have a value for 2023, the latest period with data for most countries. Some countries have newer figures; see the ranking below for each country's latest year.

Trend over time

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Places
4 selected
Groups and aggregates
Countries
European Union × Germany × France × Spain ×

Deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births. Source: Eurostat. Gaps mean no published value; points are not joined across missing years.

Infant mortality rate (Eurostat) (deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births), 2000 to 2024
Period European UnionGermanyFranceSpain
2024 3.5 per 1,000 live births 3.3 per 1,000 live births 4.1 per 1,000 live births 3.0 per 1,000 live births
2023 3.3 per 1,000 live births 3.2 per 1,000 live births 4.0 per 1,000 live births 2.6 per 1,000 live births
2022 3.3 per 1,000 live births 3.2 per 1,000 live births 4.0 per 1,000 live births 2.6 per 1,000 live births
2021 3.2 per 1,000 live births 3.0 per 1,000 live births 3.7 per 1,000 live births 2.5 per 1,000 live births
2020 3.3 per 1,000 live births 3.1 per 1,000 live births 3.6 per 1,000 live births 2.6 per 1,000 live births
2019 3.4 per 1,000 live births 3.2 per 1,000 live births 3.8 per 1,000 live births 2.6 per 1,000 live births
2018 3.4 per 1,000 live births 3.2 per 1,000 live births 3.8 per 1,000 live births 2.7 per 1,000 live births
2017 3.5 per 1,000 live births 3.3 per 1,000 live births 3.9 per 1,000 live births 2.7 per 1,000 live births
2016 3.6 per 1,000 live births 3.4 per 1,000 live births 3.7 per 1,000 live births 2.7 per 1,000 live births
2015 3.6 per 1,000 live births 3.3 per 1,000 live births 3.7 per 1,000 live births 2.7 per 1,000 live births
2014 3.6 per 1,000 live births 3.2 per 1,000 live births 3.5 per 1,000 live births 2.8 per 1,000 live births
2013 3.7 per 1,000 live births 3.3 per 1,000 live births 3.6 per 1,000 live births 2.7 per 1,000 live births
2012 3.8 per 1,000 live births 3.3 per 1,000 live births 3.5 per 1,000 live births 3.1 per 1,000 live births
2011 3.8 per 1,000 live births 3.6 per 1,000 live births 3.5 per 1,000 live births 3.1 per 1,000 live births
2010 4.0 per 1,000 live births 3.4 per 1,000 live births 3.6 per 1,000 live births 3.2 per 1,000 live births
2009 4.2 per 1,000 live births 3.5 per 1,000 live births 3.9 per 1,000 live births 3.2 per 1,000 live births
2008 4.2 per 1,000 live births 3.5 per 1,000 live births 3.8 per 1,000 live births 3.3 per 1,000 live births
2007 4.4 per 1,000 live births 3.9 per 1,000 live births 3.8 per 1,000 live births 3.4 per 1,000 live births
2006 4.6 per 1,000 live births 3.8 per 1,000 live births 3.8 per 1,000 live births 3.5 per 1,000 live births
2005 4.8 per 1,000 live births 3.9 per 1,000 live births 3.8 per 1,000 live births 3.7 per 1,000 live births
2004 5.1 per 1,000 live births 4.1 per 1,000 live births 4.0 per 1,000 live births 3.9 per 1,000 live births
2003 5.2 per 1,000 live births 4.2 per 1,000 live births 4.2 per 1,000 live births 3.9 per 1,000 live births
2002 5.5 per 1,000 live births 4.2 per 1,000 live births 4.2 per 1,000 live births 4.1 per 1,000 live births
2001 5.8 per 1,000 live births 4.3 per 1,000 live births 4.6 per 1,000 live births 4.0 per 1,000 live births
2000 6.0 per 1,000 live births 4.4 per 1,000 live births 4.5 per 1,000 live births 4.4 per 1,000 live births

A dash means no value was published for that period.

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In short

  • Among the 39 countries with a value for 2023, the highest is Moldova (10.0 per 1,000 live births) and the lowest Estonia (1.7 per 1,000 live births).
  • Half of the countries are above 3.3 per 1,000 live births and half below.
  • From 2022 to 2023 the value rose in 1 countries and fell in 2.
  • The figure for the European Union was 3.3 per 1,000 live births in 2023, against 3.4 per 1,000 live births in 2018 (−0.1).

About this measure

Definition
Deaths of children under one year of age during the year per 1,000 live births in the same year.
Population covered
Live births
Unit
Deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Frequency
Annual
Changes are shown as
Differences in the same unit (per 1,000 live births)

Source and dates

Original producer
Eurostat
Source
Eurostat, the statistical office of the European Union
Dataset or series code
demo_minfind · dataset details · view at source
Selection
freq=A indic_de=INFMORRT unit=RT
Observation period
1960 to 2024
Provider update
7 October 2026
Retrieved
9 November 2026
Published here
9 November 2026
Licence
Eurostat reuse policy (attribution)
Attribution
Source: Eurostat

All countries in 2023 Every value is for 2023, so the countries are compared at the same point in time.

  1. 1 Moldova 10.0 per 1,000 live births
  2. 2 Türkiye 10.0 per 1,000 live births
  3. 3 Georgia 8.2 per 1,000 live births
  4. 4 Armenia 6.6 per 1,000 live births
  5. 5 Albania 6.1 per 1,000 live births
  6. 6 Romania 5.6 per 1,000 live births
  7. 7 Slovakia 5.6 per 1,000 live births
  8. 8 Liechtenstein 5.5 per 1,000 live births
  9. 9 Bulgaria 4.9 per 1,000 live births
  10. 10 Serbia 4.7 per 1,000 live births
  11. 11 Cyprus 4.5 per 1,000 live births
  12. 12 Luxembourg 4.3 per 1,000 live births
  13. 13 France 4.0 per 1,000 live births
  14. 14 Croatia 3.9 per 1,000 live births
  15. 15 Poland 3.9 per 1,000 live births
  16. 16 Malta 3.6 per 1,000 live births
  17. 17 Netherlands 3.6 per 1,000 live births
  18. 18 Denmark 3.5 per 1,000 live births
  19. 19 Greece 3.4 per 1,000 live births
  20. 20 Switzerland 3.3 per 1,000 live births
  21. 21 Germany 3.2 per 1,000 live births
  22. 22 Ireland 3.2 per 1,000 live births
  23. 23 Belgium 3.1 per 1,000 live births
  24. 24 Hungary 3.0 per 1,000 live births
  25. 25 Austria 2.8 per 1,000 live births
  26. 26 Lithuania 2.8 per 1,000 live births
  27. 27 Latvia 2.6 per 1,000 live births
  28. 28 Spain 2.6 per 1,000 live births
  29. 29 Italy 2.5 per 1,000 live births
  30. 30 Portugal 2.5 per 1,000 live births
  31. 31 Iceland 2.3 per 1,000 live births
  32. 32 Czechia 2.2 per 1,000 live births
  33. 33 Montenegro 2.1 per 1,000 live births
  34. 34 Sweden 2.1 per 1,000 live births
  35. 35 Norway 2.0 per 1,000 live births
  36. 36 North Macedonia 1.9 per 1,000 live births
  37. 37 Finland 1.8 per 1,000 live births
  38. 38 Slovenia 1.8 per 1,000 live births
  39. 39 Estonia 1.7 per 1,000 live births
  40. European Union 3.3 per 1,000 live births
Below the line: groups and aggregates, not ranked. View as map Ranking page with top and bottom ten

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Map

Grey: no value for 2023. Colour groups split countries into roughly equal numbers. Boundaries: Natural Earth.