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Greenhouse gas emissions per person (Eurostat)

Net greenhouse gas emissions reported under the UN climate convention, excluding land use, land-use change and forestry (LULUCF), divided by population. Includes international aviation; gases are weighted by their global warming potential.

Unit: Tonnes of CO2 equivalent per person Frequency: Annual Coverage: 31 countries 1990 to 2024 Source: Eurostat
Highest in 2024 12.4 t CO2e per person Iceland Lowest in 2024 3.8 t CO2e per person Malta
Countries ranked for 2024 31 Updated by the source on 22 April 2026

31 countries have a value for 2024, the latest period in the data.

Trend over time

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Germany × France × Spain × Portugal ×

Tonnes of CO2 equivalent per person. Source: Eurostat. Gaps mean no published value; points are not joined across missing years.

Greenhouse gas emissions per person (Eurostat) (tonnes of CO2 equivalent per person), 2000 to 2024
Period GermanyFranceSpainPortugal
2024 7.8 t CO2e per person 5.3 t CO2e per person 5.5 t CO2e per person 4.8 t CO2e per person
2023 8.0 t CO2e per person 5.5 t CO2e per person 5.6 t CO2e per person 5.0 t CO2e per person
2022 9.0 t CO2e per person 5.9 t CO2e per person 6.1 t CO2e per person 5.4 t CO2e per person
2021 9.2 t CO2e per person 6.2 t CO2e per person 6.1 t CO2e per person 5.4 t CO2e per person
2020 8.8 t CO2e per person 5.9 t CO2e per person 5.7 t CO2e per person 5.5 t CO2e per person
2019 9.6 t CO2e per person 6.5 t CO2e per person 6.6 t CO2e per person 6.1 t CO2e per person
2018 10.3 t CO2e per person 6.7 t CO2e per person 7.0 t CO2e per person 6.5 t CO2e per person
2017 10.7 t CO2e per person 7.0 t CO2e per person 7.2 t CO2e per person 6.8 t CO2e per person
2016 10.9 t CO2e per person 7.0 t CO2e per person 6.9 t CO2e per person 6.3 t CO2e per person
2015 11.0 t CO2e per person 6.9 t CO2e per person 7.2 t CO2e per person 6.5 t CO2e per person
2014 11.1 t CO2e per person 6.9 t CO2e per person 6.9 t CO2e per person 6.1 t CO2e per person
2013 11.6 t CO2e per person 7.5 t CO2e per person 6.9 t CO2e per person 6.1 t CO2e per person
2012 11.4 t CO2e per person 7.5 t CO2e per person 7.4 t CO2e per person 6.2 t CO2e per person
2011 11.3 t CO2e per person 7.5 t CO2e per person 7.6 t CO2e per person 6.4 t CO2e per person
2010 11.4 t CO2e per person 7.9 t CO2e per person 7.7 t CO2e per person 6.5 t CO2e per person
2009 11.0 t CO2e per person 7.9 t CO2e per person 8.0 t CO2e per person 6.9 t CO2e per person
2008 11.8 t CO2e per person 8.3 t CO2e per person 8.9 t CO2e per person 7.2 t CO2e per person
2007 11.7 t CO2e per person 8.4 t CO2e per person 9.8 t CO2e per person 7.5 t CO2e per person
2006 12.2 t CO2e per person 8.6 t CO2e per person 9.8 t CO2e per person 7.7 t CO2e per person
2005 12.0 t CO2e per person 8.8 t CO2e per person 10.1 t CO2e per person 8.2 t CO2e per person
2004 12.3 t CO2e per person 8.9 t CO2e per person 9.9 t CO2e per person 8.0 t CO2e per person
2003 12.5 t CO2e per person 8.9 t CO2e per person 9.7 t CO2e per person 7.7 t CO2e per person
2002 12.6 t CO2e per person 8.9 t CO2e per person 9.7 t CO2e per person 8.3 t CO2e per person
2001 12.8 t CO2e per person 9.1 t CO2e per person 9.4 t CO2e per person 7.9 t CO2e per person
2000 12.7 t CO2e per person 9.1 t CO2e per person 9.5 t CO2e per person 8.0 t CO2e per person

A dash means no value was published for that period.

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In short

  • Among the 31 countries with a value for 2024, the highest is Iceland (12.4 t CO2e per person) and the lowest Malta (3.8 t CO2e per person).
  • Half of the countries are above 6.8 t CO2e per person and half below.
  • From 2023 to 2024 the value rose in 6 countries and fell in 23.

About this measure

Definition
Net greenhouse gas emissions reported under the UN climate convention, excluding land use, land-use change and forestry (LULUCF), divided by population. Includes international aviation; gases are weighted by their global warming potential.
Population covered
Total population
Unit
Tonnes of CO2 equivalent per person
Frequency
Annual
Changes are shown as
Percent change

Source and dates

Original producer
Eurostat
Source
Eurostat, the statistical office of the European Union
Dataset or series code
sdg_13_10 · dataset details · view at source
Selection
freq=A src_crf=TOTX4_MEMO unit=T_HAB
Observation period
1990 to 2024
Provider update
22 April 2026
Retrieved
9 November 2026
Published here
9 November 2026
Licence
Eurostat reuse policy (attribution)
Attribution
Source: Eurostat

All countries in 2024 Every value is for 2024, so the countries are compared at the same point in time.

  1. 1 Iceland 12.4 t CO2e per person
  2. 2 Luxembourg 11.1 t CO2e per person
  3. 3 Ireland 10.0 t CO2e per person
  4. 4 Poland 9.3 t CO2e per person
  5. 5 Cyprus 9.1 t CO2e per person
  6. 6 Czechia 8.9 t CO2e per person
  7. 7 Belgium 8.3 t CO2e per person
  8. 8 Norway 8.0 t CO2e per person
  9. 9 Germany 7.8 t CO2e per person
  10. 10 Netherlands 7.8 t CO2e per person
  11. 11 Estonia 7.5 t CO2e per person
  12. 12 Austria 7.3 t CO2e per person
  13. 13 Slovenia 7.3 t CO2e per person
  14. 14 Greece 7.1 t CO2e per person
  15. 15 Finland 7.0 t CO2e per person
  16. 16 Türkiye 6.8 t CO2e per person
  17. 17 Bulgaria 6.7 t CO2e per person
  18. 18 Croatia 6.5 t CO2e per person
  19. 19 Lithuania 6.3 t CO2e per person
  20. 20 Slovakia 6.3 t CO2e per person
  21. 21 Denmark 6.2 t CO2e per person
  22. 22 Italy 6.2 t CO2e per person
  23. 23 Hungary 5.6 t CO2e per person
  24. 24 Spain 5.5 t CO2e per person
  25. 25 France 5.3 t CO2e per person
  26. 26 Latvia 5.2 t CO2e per person
  27. 27 Romania 5.0 t CO2e per person
  28. 28 Portugal 4.8 t CO2e per person
  29. 29 Sweden 4.5 t CO2e per person
  30. 30 Switzerland 4.5 t CO2e per person
  31. 31 Malta 3.8 t CO2e per person
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Map

Grey: no value for 2024. Colour groups split countries into roughly equal numbers. Boundaries: Natural Earth.