Compare places
Choose one measure and up to 12 places. Every place then uses the same published series, unit and source, although national definitions can still differ where the source says so. 2023 is the most recent period with a value for every selected place.
Comparison period
Values for 2023
European Union, 2023
2.26%
aggregate · +0.50 percentage points since 2000
Portugal, 2023
1.69%
+0.97 percentage points since 2000
Spain, 2023
1.49%
+0.61 percentage points since 2000
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The chart loads when you scroll to it. The table below shows the same data.
The chart shows a calculation from the published values. The table below keeps the published values.
% of GDP. Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators. Gaps mean no published value; points are not joined across missing years.
| Period | Portugal | Spain | European Union |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 1.69% | 1.49% | 2.26% |
| 2022 | 1.69% | 1.41% | 2.23% |
| 2021 | 1.67% | 1.40% | 2.24% |
| 2020 | 1.61% | 1.40% | 2.28% |
| 2019 | 1.39% | 1.24% | 2.21% |
| 2018 | 1.35% | 1.23% | 2.17% |
| 2017 | 1.32% | 1.20% | 2.14% |
| 2016 | 1.28% | 1.18% | 2.10% |
| 2015 | 1.25% | 1.21% | 2.10% |
| 2014 | 1.29% | 1.23% | 2.10% |
| 2013 | 1.32% | 1.27% | 2.08% |
| 2012 | 1.38% | 1.29% | 2.06% |
| 2011 | 1.46% | 1.33% | 2.00% |
| 2010 | 1.53% | 1.35% | 1.96% |
| 2009 | 1.58% | 1.36% | 1.96% |
| 2008 | 1.44% | 1.32% | 1.87% |
| 2007 | 1.12% | 1.24% | 1.79% |
| 2006 | 0.95% | 1.18% | 1.80% |
| 2005 | 0.76% | 1.10% | 1.78% |
| 2004 | 0.73% | 1.04% | 1.79% |
| 2003 | 0.70% | 1.02% | 1.82% |
| 2002 | 0.72% | 0.96% | 1.79% |
| 2001 | 0.76% | 0.89% | 1.82% |
| 2000 | 0.72% | 0.88% | 1.76% |
A dash means no value was published for that period.